The book focuses on a conceptual flaw in contemporary artificial
intelligence and cognitive science. Many people have discovered
diverse manifestations and facets of this flaw, but the central
conceptual impasse is at best only partially perceived. Its
consequences, nevertheless, visit themselves as
distortions and failures of multiple research projects - and make
impossible the ultimate aspirations of the fields.
The impasse concerns a presupposition concerning the nature of
representation - that all representation has the nature of
encodings: encodingism. Encodings certainly exist, but
encoding"ism" is at root logically incoherent; any "programmatic"
research predicted on it is doomed too distortion and ultimate
failure.
The impasse and its consequences - and steps away from that
impasse - are explored in a large number of projects and
approaches. These include SOAR, CYC, PDP, situated cognition,
subsumption architecture robotics, and the frame problems - a
general survey of the current research in AI and Cognitive Science
emerges.
Interactivism, an alternative model of representation, is
proposed and examined.
General
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