Biotechnology is in many respects shaping our life and affecting
our means of production and the creation of jobs. Progress in the
applications of biotechnology depends on a wide base of basic as
well as applied sciences. The output of biotechnology has already
proved itself in many diverse fields from health to biomining and
from agriculture to enzyme "breeding." It is therefore difficult to
follow all of the current as well as the potential applications of
biotechnology.
The objective of the "Biotechnology Annual Review" series is to
attempt to provide readers with the needed indepth knowledge, by
reviewing specific topics in biotechnology in each issue. The
philosophy behind this series is to encourage good reviews to make
it easier for readers to keep in touch with progress and
applications of biotechnology. Reviews on topics related to
regulatory affairs, social impact of biotechnology, biodiversity,
biosafety, public acceptance and patent issues are also
encouraged.
Drafts of the human genome were published in Science and Nature
magazines, last year. The human genome as well as the other
completed genomes can now be searched using different
databases.
The exponential increase of the sequence data lead to the
development of the new "Bioinformatics" field in order to attempt
making sense, at least biological sense, out of all the new and
fast data.
It will take also other techniques such as "functional genomics"
to link the gap between a specific phenotype or a treatment and a
gene sequence. Functional genomics tools are therefore important
for the accurate molecular diagnosis/prognosis, target discovery
and validation needed for drug development and novel targets for
antibiotics development. Functional Genomics are also important for
the confirmation of therapy in pharmacogenomics studies.
Applications of functional genomics techniques are equally
important for progress in biotechnology applications of plants,
animals and other organisms.
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