This book traces the history of the British Transport Police, the
National Police Force responsible for policing the railways of
England, Scotland and Wales. The roots of the Force go back almost
200 years, starting with the development of the railways during the
Nineteenth Century. Hundreds of railway companies were founded and
although mergers and amalgamations took place, by the end of the
century, well over 100 railway companies were operating, most of
which employed railway policemen. The first railway policemen were
recruited to work on the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1826.
Other railway companies quickly followed and by the 1850s, railway
policemen with their smart uniforms and top hats were a common
sight on Britain's railways. During the Twentieth Century, railway
companies continued to merge before being nationalised in 1948. The
following year, the British Transport Commission (BTC) was created
to oversee not only the newly nationalised railway network, but
also the nation's docks, shipping, inland waterways, road
transport, road haulage and other companies. Also in 1949, the
British Transport Commission Police (BTC Police) was created to
take over the policing of these newly nationalised institutions.
All the former railway, dock and canal police forces were then
absorbed into the new BTC Police Force. The BTC was abolished in
1962, having incurred serious financial losses. The BTC Police was
renamed the British Transport Police in 1963 and has continued to
operate ever since. It no longer polices the docks, harbours and
canals for reasons outlined in this book.
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