Everyone wants to be virtuous, but recent psychological
investigations suggest that this may not be possible. Mark Alfano
challenges this theory and asks, not whether character is
empirically adequate, but what characters human beings could have
and develop. Although psychology suggests that most people do not
have robust character traits such as courage, honesty and
open-mindedness, Alfano argues that we have reason to attribute
these virtues to people because such attributions function as
self-fulfilling prophecies - children become more studious if they
are told that they are hard-working and adults become more generous
if they are told that they are generous. He argues that we should
think of virtue and character as social constructs: there is no
such thing as virtue without social reinforcement. His original and
provocative book will interest a wide range of readers in
contemporary ethics, epistemology, moral psychology and empirically
informed philosophy.
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