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Scientific Institutions and Practice in France and Britain, c.1700-c.1870 (Hardcover, New Ed)
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Scientific Institutions and Practice in France and Britain, c.1700-c.1870 (Hardcover, New Ed)
Series: Variorum Collected Studies
Expected to ship within 12 - 17 working days
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This second collection of studies by Maurice Crosland has as a
first theme the differences in the style and organisation of
scientific activity in Britain and France in the 18th and early
19th centuries. Science was more closely controlled in France,
notably by the Paris Academy of Sciences, and the work of
provincial amateurs much less prominent than in Britain. The most
dramatic change in any branch of science during this period was in
chemistry, largely through the work of Lavoisier and his
colleagues, the focus of several articles here, and the dominance
of this group caused considerable resentment outside France, not
least by Joseph Priestley. The issue of authority in science
emerges again, within France under the rule of Napoleon, in a study
of the exceptional power exercised by the great mathematician
Laplace both in theoretical science and in academic politics. This
exploration of organisation and power is complemented by a
comparative study of the practice of early 'physics' and chemistry
and their different reliance on laboratories. This raises the
question of whether chemistry provided a model for later
experimental work in other sciences, both through the construction
of pioneering laboratories and in establishing early schools of
research.
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