This work represents an investigation of the roles of specular and
diffuse reflections in urban noise propagation with a view towards
developing a simple predictive technique for long distance
propagation. It is established that models based only on specular
reflection and surface absorption are not sufficiently accurate to
explain measured data as scattering of sound by building facades is
significant. A computer model of sound propagation in a simple
street was developed to take account of the probabilities
associated with the branching nature of the reflection history. A
simplified theory was developed incorporating an effective
diffusion coefficient which increases with the order of reflection
to take account of all the mixed specular-diffuse interactions. Two
experimental techniques have been developed for measuring the
diffusion coefficient of street facades and applied to a scale
model experiment. The results obtained for values of diffusion
coefficient showed the expected trend with increasing the facade
irregularities.
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