Despite the numerous studies of Frank Lloyd Wright's life and
architecture, little has been published about his life in relation
to the communities that dominated his life. Wright, a fervent
believer in individualism and an ardent advocate of democracy,
worked in communities throughout his career of more than six
decades. These communities, which he led with unquestioned
authority, made possible his extraordinary productivity. They also
helped sustain his genius, provided him with crucial social
outlets, and made it possible for him to remain a creative force
outside the mainstream of American architecture until his death at
age 91. Almost immediately after arriving in Chicago in 1887,
Wright began working in the company of architects and draftsmen,
most notably Joseph Lyman Silsbee, Dankmar Adler, and Louis
Sullivan. In 1893 he opened his own practice in downtown Chicago
and formed relationships with communities of young architects and
draftsmen there. Five years later Wright moved his venture to his
home and studio in Oak Park. Although his community of coworkers
there was highly productive, in 1909 he abandoned them, his
practice, and his family, turned his projects over to others, and
left for Europe with his mistress. In the next twenty years he
formed incidental communities wherever his work took him, including
Europe, Japan, California, and Arizona, while maintaining his base
at Taliesin, his home near Spring Green, Wisconsin. In 1932, after
years of hardship, Wright and his third wife, Olgivanna, founded
the Taliesin Fellowship, a community of apprentices and assistants.
Five years later the Fellowship began to spend winters at Taliesin
West, a camp he designed in Scottsdale, Arizona. When Wright died
in 1959, his widow became the Fellowship's unchallenged leader, and
she remained so until her death 26 years later. Marty's
groundbreaking work is neither a biography of Wright nor a study of
his architecture; rather, it is the story of his life in
communities, particularly the Taliesin Fellowship. This study will
be of interest to Wright scholars and enthusiasts, architects,
architectural historians, and architecture students.
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