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Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration - Life and Physical Sciences Research for a New Era (Paperback)
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Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration - Life and Physical Sciences Research for a New Era (Paperback)
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More than four decades have passed since a human first set foot on
the Moon. Great strides have been made in our understanding of what
is required to support an enduring human presence in space, as
evidenced by progressively more advanced orbiting human outposts,
culminating in the current International Space Station (ISS).
However, of the more than 500 humans who have so far ventured into
space, most have gone only as far as near-Earth orbit, and none
have traveled beyond the orbit of the Moon. Achieving humans'
further progress into the solar system had proved far more
difficult than imagined in the heady days of the Apollo missions,
but the potential rewards remain substantial. During its more than
50-year history, NASA's success in human space exploration has
depended on the agency's ability to effectively address a wide
range of biomedical, engineering, physical science, and related
obstacles-an achievement made possible by NASA's strong and
productive commitments to life and physical sciences research for
human space exploration, and by its use of human space exploration
infrastructures for scientific discovery. The Committee for the
Decadal Survey of Biological and Physical Sciences acknowledges the
many achievements of NASA, which are all the more remarkable given
budgetary challenges and changing directions within the agency. In
the past decade, however, a consequence of those challenges has
been a life and physical sciences research program that was
dramatically reduced in both scale and scope, with the result that
the agency is poorly positioned to take full advantage of the
scientific opportunities offered by the now fully equipped and
staffed ISS laboratory, or to effectively pursue the scientific
research needed to support the development of advanced human
exploration capabilities. Although its review has left it deeply
concerned about the current state of NASA's life and physical
sciences research, the Committee for the Decadal Survey on
Biological and Physical Sciences in Space is nevertheless convinced
that a focused science and engineering program can achieve
successes that will bring the space community, the U.S. public, and
policymakers to an understanding that we are ready for the next
significant phase of human space exploration. The goal of this
report is to lay out steps and develop a forward-looking portfolio
of research that will provide the basis for recapturing the
excitement and value of human spaceflight-thereby enabling the U.S.
space program to deliver on new exploration initiatives that serve
the nation, excite the public, and place the United States again at
the forefront of space exploration for the global good. Table of
Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Review of NASA's
Program Evolution in the Life and Physical Sciences in Low-Gravity
and Microgravity Environments 3 Conducting Microgravity Research:
U.S. and International Facilities 4 Plant and Microbial Biology 5
Behavior and Mental Health 6 Animal and Human Biology 7
Crosscutting Issues for Humans in the Space Environment 8
Fundamental Physical Sciences in Space 9 Applied Physical Sciences
10 Translation to Space Exploration Systems 11 The Role of the
International Space Station 12 Establishing a Life and Physical
Sciences Research Program: Programmatic Issues 13 Establishing a
Life and Physical Sciences Research Program: An Integrated
Microgravity Research Portfolio Appendixes Appendix A: Statement of
Task Appendix B: Glossary and Selected Acronyms Appendix C:
Committee, Panel, and Staff Biographical Information
General
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