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Understanding the U.S. Illicit Tobacco Market - Characteristics, Policy Context, and Lessons from International Experiences (Paperback)
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Understanding the U.S. Illicit Tobacco Market - Characteristics, Policy Context, and Lessons from International Experiences (Paperback)
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Tobacco use has declined because of measures such as high taxes on
tobacco products and bans on advertising, but worldwide there are
still more than one billion people who regularly use tobacco,
including many who purchase products illicitly. By contrast to many
other commodities, taxes comprise a substantial portion of the
retail price of cigarettes in the United States and most other
nations. Large tax differentials between jurisdictions increase
incentives for participation in existing illicit tobacco markets.
In the United States, the illicit tobacco market consists mostly of
bootlegging from low-tax states to high-tax states and is less
affected by large-scale smuggling or illegal production as in other
countries. In the future, nonprice regulation of cigarettes - such
as product design, formulation, and packaging - could in principle,
contribute to the development of new types of illicit tobacco
markets. Understanding the U.S. Illicit Tobacco Market reviews the
nature of illicit tobacco markets, evidence for policy effects, and
variations among different countries with a focus on implications
for the United States. This report estimates the portion of the
total U.S. tobacco market represented by illicit sales has grown in
recent years and is now between 8.5 percent and 21 percent. This
represents between 1.24 to 2.91 billion packs of cigarettes
annually and between $2.95 billion and $6.92 billion in lost gross
state and local tax revenues. Understanding the U.S. Illicit
Tobacco Market describes the complex system associated with illicit
tobacco use by exploring some of the key features of that market -
the cigarette supply chain, illicit procurement schemes, the major
actors in the illicit trade, and the characteristics of users of
illicit tobacco. This report draws on domestic and international
experiences with the illicit tobacco trade to identify a range of
possible policy and enforcement interventions by the U.S. federal
government and/or states and localities. Table of Contents Front
Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Characteristics of the Illicit
Tobacco Market 3 Participants in the Illicit Tobacco Market 4
Measuring the Size of the Illicit Tobacco Market 5 Interventions in
the Illicit Tobacco Market: Policy and Regulatory Options 6
Interventions in the Illicit Tobacco Market: Law Enforcement 7
Interventions in the Illicit Tobacco Market: International Case
Studies 8 Possible Changes in Tobacco Products: Considering
Consumer and Supply Responses References Appendix: Biographical
Sketches of Committee Members and Staff
General
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