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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Logic
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Rationality In An Uncertain World - Essays In The Cognitive Science Of Human Understanding (Paperback)
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Rationality In An Uncertain World - Essays In The Cognitive Science Of Human Understanding (Paperback)
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This book brings together an influential sequence of papers that
argue for a radical re-conceptualisation of the psychology of
inference, and of cognitive science more generally. The papers
demonstrate that the thesis that logic provides the basis of human
inference is central to much cognitive science, although the
commitment to this view is often implicit. They then note that
almost all human inference is uncertain, whereas logic is the
calculus of certain inference. This mismatch means that logic is
not the appropriate model for human thought. Oaksford and Chater's
argument draws on research in computer science, artificial
intelligence and philosophy of science, in addition to experimental
psychology. The authors propose that probability theory, the
calculus of uncertain inference, provides a more appropriate model
for human thought. They show how a probabilistic account can
provide detailed explanations of experimental data on Wason's
selection task, which many have viewed as providing a paradigmatic
demonstration of human irrationality. Oaksford and Chater show that
people's behaviour appears irrational only from a logical point of
view, whereas it is entirely rational from a probabilistic
perspective. The shift to a probabilistic framework for human
inference has significant implications for the psychology of
reasoning, cognitive science more generally, and forour picture of
ourselves as rational agents.
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