Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is a powerful tool, especially for the
identification of 1 13 hitherto unknown organic compounds. H- and
C-NMR spectroscopy is known and applied by virtually every
synthetically working Organic Chemist. Con- quently, the factors
governing the differences in chemical shift values, based on
chemical environment, bonding, temperature, solvent, pH, etc. , are
well understood, and specialty methods developed for almost every
conceivable structural challenge. Proton and carbon NMR
spectroscopy is part of most bachelors degree courses, with
advanced methods integrated into masters degree and other graduate
courses. In view of this universal knowledge about proton and
carbon NMR spectr- copy within the chemical community, it is
remarkable that heteronuclear NMR is still looked upon as something
of a curiosity. Admittedly, most organic compounds contain only
nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms, as well as the obligatory
hydrogen and carbon atoms, elements that have an unfavourable
isotope distribution when it comes to NMR spectroscopy. Each of
these three elements has a dominant isotope: 14 16 32 16 32 N (99.
63% natural abundance), O (99. 76%), and S (95. 02%), with O, S,
and 34 14 S (4. 21%) NMR silent. N has a nuclear moment I = 1 and a
sizeable quadrupolar moment that makes the NMR signals usually very
broad and dif cult to analyse.
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