Environmental and Low-Temperature Geochemistry presents conceptual
and quantitative principles of geochemistry in order to foster
understanding of natural processes at and near the earth's surface,
as well as anthropogenic impacts and remediation strategies. It
provides the reader with principles that allow prediction of
concentration, speciation, mobility and reactivity of elements and
compounds in soils, waters, sediments and air, drawing attention to
both thermodynamic and kinetic controls. The scope includes
atmosphere, terrestrial waters, marine waters, soils, sediments and
rocks in the shallow crust; the temporal scale is present to
Precambrian, and the spatial scale is nanometers to local, regional
and global. This second edition of Environmental and
Low-Temperature Geochemistry provides the most up-to-date status of
the carbon cycle and global warming, including carbon sources,
sinks, fluxes and consequences, as well as emerging evidence for
(and effects of) ocean acidification. Understanding environmental
problems like this requires knowledge based in fundamental
principles of equilibrium, kinetics, basic laws of chemistry and
physics, empirical evidence, examples from the geological record,
and identification of system fluxes and reservoirs that allow us to
conceptualize and understand. This edition aims to do that with
clear explanations of fundamental principles of geochemistry as
well as information and approaches that provide the student or
researcher with knowledge to address pressing questions in
environmental and geological sciences. New content in this edition
includes: Focus Boxes - one every two or three pages - providing
case study examples (e.g. methyl isocyanate in Bhopal, origins and
health effects of asbestiform minerals), concise explanations of
fundamental concepts (e.g. balancing chemical equations, isotopic
fractionation, using the Keq to predict reactivity), and useful
information (e.g. units of concentration, titrating to determine
alkalinity, measuring redox potential of natural waters); Sections
on emerging contaminants for which knowledge is rapidly increasing
(e.g. perfluorinated compounds, pharmaceuticals and other domestic
and industrial chemicals); Greater attention to interrelationships
of inorganic, organic and biotic phases and processes;
Descriptions, theoretical frameworks and examples of emerging
methodologies in geochemistry research, e.g. clumped C-O isotopes
to assess seawater temperature over geological time, metal stable
isotopes to assess source and transport processes, X-ray absorption
spectroscopy to study oxidation state and valence configuration of
atoms and molecules; Additional end-of-chapter problems, including
more quantitatively based questions. Two detailed case studies that
examine fate and transport of organic contaminants (VOCs, PFCs),
with data and interpretations presented separately. These examples
consider the chemical and mineralogical composition of rocks, soils
and waters in the affected system; microbial influence on the
decomposition of organic compounds; the effect of
reduction-oxidation on transport of Fe, As and Mn; stable isotopes
and synthetic compounds as tracers of flow; geological factors that
influence flow; and implications for remediation. The
interdisciplinary approach and range of topics - including
environmental contamination of air, water and soil as well as the
processes that affect both natural and anthropogenic systems - make
it well-suited for environmental geochemistry courses at
universities as well as liberal arts colleges.
General
Imprint: |
Wiley-Blackwell
|
Country of origin: |
United States |
Release date: |
December 2019 |
Authors: |
P. Ryan
|
Dimensions: |
276 x 216 x 17mm (L x W x T) |
Format: |
Paperback
|
Pages: |
376 |
Edition: |
2nd Edition |
ISBN-13: |
978-1-119-56858-2 |
Categories: |
Books >
Earth & environment >
Earth sciences >
General
|
LSN: |
1-119-56858-7 |
Barcode: |
9781119568582 |
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