Social and Economic Benefits of Protected Areas - An Assessment Guide (Paperback, 3rd Edition)

Protected areas (PAs) contain biodiversity and ecosystems of high conservation value. In addition, these areas provide a range of benefits, both direct and indirect, to our societies and economies, i.e. so called ecosystem services. These services include, for example, an ecosystem's ability to regulate floods and climate, purify water, secure the pollination of crops, and create opportunities for recreation, culture and tourism.

This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the socio-economic benefits of PAs and PA networks and provides step-by-step practical guidance on identifying, assessing and valuing the various ecosystem services and related benefits provided by PAs. It also aims to improve the communication of PA benefits to different stakeholders and the general public. It is shown that identifying and valuing the socio-economic benefits of PAs can be beneficial for several reasons. Demonstrating socio-economic importance of a protected site can significantly increase political and stakeholder support for the site and resolve conflicts between different interest groups. This can lead to positive changes in policies and decision-making. Insights on PA benefits are also needed to identify a combination of actions and land use practices that best support the sustainable and equitable utilisation of these benefits, while retaining a site’s conservation goals. Finally, demonstrating different benefits can help to discover alternative and sustainable sources for financing the management of PAs.

Table of Contents

Foreword

Braulio F. de Souza Dias and Ernesto Enkerlin-Hoeflich

Introduction

1. Introduction, Objectives and Approach

Marianne Kettunen and Patrick ten Brink

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Objectives, scope and audience

1.3 Guiding principles

1.4 Approach, data, structure and application

Part 1: Contextual Guidance

2. Protected Areas: Their Values and Benefits

Nigel Dudley, Sue Stolton and Marianne Kettunen

2.1 Different benefits and values of protected areas

2.2 Basis of benefits: structure, functioning and processes in protected areas

2.3 Ecosystem services and related goods provided and supported by protected areas

2.4 Broader benefits

2.5 Putting the benefits into perspective

2.6 Opportunities and risks of assessing benefits

3. General Principles for Estimating the Socio-economic Value of Benefits Provided by Protected Areas

Marianne Kettunen, Patrick ten Brink and Samuela Bassi

3.2 Estimating the socio-economic value of benefits

3.3 Estimating the costs of protected areas

3.5 Estimating the total (net) benefits of a protected area

3.4 Estimating the added value of protected area designation

3.6 Estimating benefits from multiple sites

Part 2: Practical Guidance

Step I. A Scoping Assessment of Possible Benefits

4. Scoping Assessment of Benefits Provided by Protected Areas

Marianne Kettunen and Patrick ten Brink

4.1 How to carry out a scoping assessment?

4.2 Identification and rapid assessment of benefits

4.3 Joint consideration of different benefits

4.4 Considerations of benefits the context of multiple protected areas

4.5 Identification of net benefits

Annex 1. Scoping Assessments of Benefits Provided by Protected Areas – an Example of Application

Dalia D’Amato, Marianne Kettunen, Azucena de la Cruz, José Benedicto Royuela ‎and Artur Gil

5. Deciding which Benefits to Analyse in More Detail

Marianne Kettunen and Patrick ten Brink

5.1 Identifying the most important benefits

5.2 Identifying the purpose of socio-economic valuation

5.3 Possible resources to support detailed socio-economic assessment

Step II. Detailed Methodological Guidance to Estimating Benefits

6. Provisioning Services and Related Goods

Marianne Kettunen and Dalia D’Amato

6.1 Overview of benefits

6.2 Socio-economic importance of benefits

6.3 Estimating the value of benefits

Annex 2. Step by Step Guidance: Valuation of Biodiversity Resources

Marianne Kettunen and Dalia D’Amato

7. Regulating Services and Related Goods

Tomas Badura and Marianne Kettunen

7.1 Overview of benefits

7.2 Socio-economic importance of benefits

7.3 Role of different stakeholders in maintaining and using benefits

7.4 Estimating the value of benefits

Annex 3. Step by Step Guidance: Water Related Ecosystem Services

Tomas Badura and Marianne Kettunen

Annex 4. Step by Step Guidance: Climate Change Mitigation (Carbon Storage and Sequestration)

Samuela Bassi and Patrick ten Brink

8. Cultural Services and Related Goods

Sonja Gantioler and Dalia D’Amato

8.1 Overview of benefits

8.2 Socio-economic importance of benefits

8.3 Estimating the value of benefits

Annex 5. Step by Step Guidance: Tourism, Recreation and Other Cultural Benefits

Sonja Gantioler and Dalia D’Amato

9. Appreciating the Value of Supporting Service

Dalia D’Amato and Marianne Kettunen

9.1 Overview of benefits

9.2 Socio-economic importance of benefits

9.3 Estimating the value of benefits

10. Wider Socio-economic Benefits

Sonja Gantioler and Patrick ten Brink

10.1 Overview of benefits

10.2 Socio-economic importance of benefits

10.3 Estimating the value of benefits

11. Costs Related to Protected Areas

Samuela Bassi and Dalia D’Amato

11.1 Costs of management

11.2 Opportunity costs

11.3 Other costs

11.4 Total costs of protected areas

12. Assessing Net Benefits: Site Level

Patrick ten Brink and Marianne Kettunen

12.1 Assessing aggregated benefits

12.2 Comparing benefits with costs

12.3 Considering the added value of PA designation and management

Annex 6. Calculating Net Present Values (NPVs) and the Effect of Different Discount Rates

Patrick ten Brink

13. Assessing Net Benefits: Multiple Sites

Patrick ten Brink and Marianne Kettunen

13.1 Issues to reflect when aggregating values for multiple sites

13.2 Assessing aggregated benefits of multiple sites by scaling up

13.3 Estimating the future benefits of multiple sites

13.4 Comparing costs and benefits at an aggregate scale

Step III: Interpreting, Using and Communicating The Estimates

14. Interpreting the Results of Socio-economic Assessments

Patrick ten Brink and Marianne Kettunen

14.1 General meaning of the results

14.2 ‘Reading’ socio-economic assessments

14.3 Robustness of estimates

14.4 Level of confidence

14.5 Wider reflection on the utility of the results

15. Using and Communicating the Results

Sections 15.1-15.3 by Sue Stolton and Nigel Dudley

Section 15.4-15.5 by Marianne Kettunen, and Dalia D’Amato

15.1 Understanding, awareness and advocacy

15.2 Support to decision-making and management

15.3 Identifying and addressing social impacts

15.4 Mobilizing funds

15.5 Considering synergies and conflicts with biodiversity conservation

Conclusions

16. Conclusions and Way Forward

Marianne Kettunen and Patrick ten Brink

16.1 Towards a full appreciation and uptake of benefits provided by protected areas

16.2 An integrated future vision for protected areas: benefits for biodiversity and people

Index

General

Imprint:	Taylor & Francis
Country of origin:	United Kingdom
Release date:	August 2013
First published:	2013
Authors:	Patrick Ten Brink • Marianne Kettunen
Editors:	Marianne Kettunen • Patrick Ten Brink
Dimensions:	234 x 156 x 20mm (L x W x T)
Format:	Paperback
Pages:	368
Edition:	3rd Edition
ISBN-13:	978-0-415-63284-3
Categories:	Books > Professional & Technical > Environmental engineering & technology > General Books > Earth & environment > The environment > Applied ecology > General Books > Earth & environment > The environment > Environmental economics > General Promotions
LSN:	0-415-63284-6
Barcode:	9780415632843

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