The Garden of Leaders explores two related questions: What is
leadership? And what sort of education could prepare young people
to be leaders? Paul Woodruff argues that higher
education-particularly but not exclusively in the liberal
arts-should set its main focus on cultivating leadership in
students. Woodruff advances a new view of liberal arts education
that places leadership at the root of everything it does, so that
students will be prepared to lead in their lives and careers-and
not necessarily in management roles. Woodruff views the
contemporary university as sorely lacking an emphasis on
leadership, and presents three core sets of recommendations for how
they can and should foster it. First, Woodruff posits co-curricular
groups, activities, and projects as essential activities for
students to gain confidence and leadership skills. Administrations
should encourage students to engage in activities outside the
classroom, convert coached sports teams into student-led clubs as
far as possible, and discourage social organizations that are
segregated by race or sex. Second, Woodruff advocates for a
different curriculum for all undergraduates, no matter their
major-arguing that they need to be taught leadership in the forms
of key skills including communication (including good writing,
listening, and speaking), as well as exposure to key material in
history literature, social science, and ethics. Students should be
asked to consider the hardest ethical dilemmas that leaders face,
toggling between Machiavelli and great ethical thinkers such as
Confucius and Socrates. Third, Woodruff calls for the teaching
methods used by instructors to re-orient themselves around the
question of leadership, particularly by emphasizing teamwork.
Professors should respect their students' independence, avoid
tyrannical teaching, and remember that all teachers teach ethics
simply by the examples they set in dealing with students. Whether
in engineering, music, or classics, The Garden of Leaders advances
leadership as a core value that should be at the heart of the
educational enterprise-contending that while a college campus can
be many things, it should at the very least be a ground upon which
new leaders can grow.
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