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Constitutional Rights and Constitutional Design - Moral and Empirical Reasoning in Judicial Review (Hardcover)
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Constitutional Rights and Constitutional Design - Moral and Empirical Reasoning in Judicial Review (Hardcover)
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The decisions courts make in constitutional rights cases pervade
our political life and touch on our most basic interests and
values. The spread of judicial review of legislation around the
world means that courts are increasingly called on to settle
matters of moral and political controversy, including assisted
suicide, data privacy, anti-terrorism measures, marriage, and
abortion. But doubts regarding the institutional capacities of
courts for deciding such questions are growing. Judges now
regularly review social science research to assess whether a law
will effectively achieve its aim, and at what cost to other
interests. They cite studies and statistical information from
psychology, sociology, medicine, and other disciplines in which
they are rarely trained. This empirical reasoning proceeds
alongside open-ended moral reasoning, with judges employing terms
such as equality, liberty, and autonomy, then determining what
these require in concrete circumstances. This book shows that
courts were not designed for this kind of moral and empirical
reasoning. It argues that in comparison to legislatures, the
institutional capacities of courts are deficient. Legislatures are
better equipped than courts for deliberating and decision-making in
regard to the kinds of factual and moral issues that arise in
constitutional rights cases. The book concludes by considering the
implications of comparative institutional capacity for
constitutional design. Is a system of judicial review of
legislation something that constitutional framers should choose to
adopt? If so, in what form? For countries with systems of judicial
review, practical proposals are made to remedy deficiencies in the
institutional capacities of courts.
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