Czech animator Jan Svankmajer is one of the most distinctive and
influential of contemporary filmmakers. As a leading member of the
Prague Surrealist Group, his work is linked to a rich avant-garde
tradition and an uncompromising moral stance that brought frequent
tensions with the authorities in the normalization years following
the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968. Svankmajer's
formative influences have been the pre-war surrealists, the Prague
of Rudolf II, experimental theatre, folk puppetry and, above all,
the political traumas of the past 50 years. Like his
contemporaries--including playwright president Vaclav Havel, and,
in exile, novelist Milan Kundera and filmmaker Milos
Forman--Svankmajer's dominant life experiences have been the
realities of the Stalinist system, both the explicit state terror
of the 1950s and the Brezhnevist neo-Stalinism of the 1970s and the
1980s.
After training in puppetry and working in the Prague theatre, he
made his first film in 1964. He directed a number of important
films in the 1960s, including the live-action and Kafkaesque "Byt"
("The Flat," 1968) and "Zahrada" ("The Garden," 1968) and
consolidated his international reputation with "Moznosti dialogu"
("Dimensions of Dialogue") in 1982. Since then, he has continued
his highly visual and poetic approach in two feature-length films,
"Neco z Alenky" ("Alice," 1987) and "Lekce Faust" ("Faust," 1994).
As a filmmaker, Svankmajer is constantly exploring and analyzing
his concern with power, fear and anxiety, confrontation and
destruction, magic, the irrational and the absurd, and displays a
bleak outlook on the possibilities for dialogue. In challenging
accepted narrative, the bourgeoisie of realism (nezval), and the
thematic and formal conventions of the mainstream media,
Svankmajer's work is startlingly dynamic, subversive, and
confrontational.
General
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