Over the past three decades the developing world has seen
increasing devolution of political and economic power to local
governments. Decentralization is considered an important element of
participatory democracy and, along with privatization and
deregulation, represents a substantial reduction in the authority
of national governments over economic policy. The contributors to
Decentralization and Local Governance in Developing Countries
examine this institutional transformation from comparative and
interdisciplinary perspectives, offering detailed case studies of
decentralization in eight countries: Bolivia, Brazil, China, India,
Indonesia, Pakistan, South Africa, and Uganda.Some of these
countries witnessed an unprecedented "big bang" shift toward
comprehensive political and economic decentralization: Bolivia in
1995 and Indonesia after the fall of Suharto in 1998. Brazil and
India decentralized in an uneven and more gradual manner. In some
other countries (such as Pakistan) devolution represented an
instrument for consolidation of power of a nondemocratic national
government. In China local governments were granted much economic
but little political power. South Africa made the transition from
the undemocratic decentralization of apartheid to decentralization
under a democratic constitution. The studies provide a comparative
perspective on the political and economic context within which
decentralization took place, and how this shaped its design and
possible impact.Contributors: Omar Azfar, Gianpaolo Baiocchi,
Pranab Bardhan, Shubham Chaudhuri, Ali Cheema, Jean-Paul Faguet,
Bert Hofman, Kai Kaiser, Philip E. Keefer, Asim Ijaz Khwaja, Justin
Yifu Lin, Mingxing Liu, Jeffrey Livingston, Patrick Meagher, Dilip
Mookherjee, Ambar Narayan, Adnan Qadir, Ran Tao, Tara Vishwanath,
Martin Wittenberg
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