Since the discovery of the cluster soft excess (CSE) over eight
years ago, its properties and origin have been the subject of
debate. With the recent launch of new missions such as XMM-Newton
and FUSE, we are beginning to answer some of the complex issues
regarding the phenomenon. This conference proceedings is an attempt
to bring together the latest research results and covers both
observational and theoretical work on the CSE and related topics.
One of the main topics is the possible relationship between the CSE
and the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), which is believed to
harbor 50% of the baryons in the near Universe.
New data from both XMM-Newton and FUSE have indicated a possible
causal link between the WHIM and CSE. Evidence is based on the
apparent detection of O VII emission lines in the soft excess
spectrum of the outskirts of several clusters, as well as reports
of absorption lines at local and higher redshifts (seen in the
spectra of distant sources) as signature of the WHIM. However,
while there has been considerable optimism in attributing a
substantial fraction of the cluster soft excess flux to WHIM
emission, other work shows that, for example, the amount of WHIM
material predicted by theoretical simulations falls way short of
that necessary to account for the CSE. Other work indicates that at
the cores of some cluster this excess emission is so strong, it is
impossible to invoke the thermal model without at the same time
enlisting radically new physics. Thus alternative interpretations
involving non-thermal processes are also reported and being pursued
in earnest.
Whatever the origin of CSE may turn out to be, results in this
book show that it has become beyond reasonable doubt that the
phenomenon itself is observationally established. This book reports
the scientific progress made by bringing together scientists from a
wide range of disciplines. It clearly demonstrates the importance
of such meetings and participants if we are to solve this
puzzle.
This volume is aimed at scientists and graduate students in
astronomy who want to learn about the latest results on cluster
soft excess observations and theoretical implications.
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