Scholarly Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Politics -
Political Theory and the History of Ideas Journal, grade: 90%,
Dublin City University, course: International Relations, language:
English, comment: First Class Honours, abstract: Civil War Onset
and the 'Third Debate': a Positivist versus Post-Positivist
Approach According to Yosef Lapid (1989: 236), International
Relations, by the end of the 1980's was "in the midst of a third
discipline-defining debate," between positivism and
post-positivism. Scholars studying the phenomenon of civil war and
its causes seem to have been largely exempt from this debate. There
are two discernible reasons for this. First, the study of civil war
has long been marginalized by the dominant theoretical paradigm of
Realism within security studies, which does not concern itself with
war, within the intrastate system. This is surprising, since from
the start of the millennium, intrastate conflict has been far more
prevalent than interstate conflict. Second, within the academic
field of civil war onset, which this paper focuses on specifically,
the theoretical approach is primarily positivist. Most literature
on the subject of civil war, focuses around the so called
'greed-grievance debate, and though the latter does usually focus
on identity, it remains essentially positivist. This however, does
not mean that the 'Third Debate' does not apply to the academic
field of civil war onset as this paper will show. This paper
analyses two journal articles, one positivist: Greed and Grievance
in Civil War (2004) by Paul Collier and Anke Hoeffler, and one
post-positivist: The Construction of Grievance: Natural Resources
and Identity in a Separatist Conflict (2007) by Edward Aspinall.
Using these articles, this paper will compare and evaluate their
research approaches, their worth and effectiveness in addressing
the subject and research question and their contribution to
knowledge. Finally this paper will give some recommendations as to
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