This academic study is a jump ahead of the usual polemical
assessments of the state of theorizing about the social sciences.
Over and over we have heard that the to social and political
studies must be challenged by gumshoe empiricist approach sounder
concepts of the value-fact duality. Bernstein, a Haverford
philosophy professor, outlines three sorts of attempts to supersede
"value-neutrality" and "brute fact" premises, appraises their
successes, and concludes that their own practitioners need to go
further in realizing "the critical function of theory." The three
are linguistic analysis and other branches of structuralism (Thomas
Kihn's seminal The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is
categorized here); phenomenology from Husserl to, in particular,
the emigre Alfred Schutz; and the investigation of "praxis,"
represented here by Frankfurt School specialist Jurgen Habermas.
Bernstein judges them in some analytic detail, his sobriety
sometimes almost tongue-in-cheek, as when he makes Schutz'
elaborate distinction between purposes and past causal influences
seem absurdly commonsensical, or when he wryly suggests that the
Teutonic Habermas has ended up a mere pragmatist, denying that
theory can actually shape practical judgment. But has Bernstein
shown that, in running up against their own limitations, these
thinkers are pointing toward further progress, as he claims, or is
he documenting a new level of sterility? In any case, this is a
suggestive, demanding resume, more restricted but more up-to-date
than Alan Ryan's Philosophy of Social Science (1972). (Kirkus
Reviews)
"Anyone who wants to understand the profound changes that have
overtaken the social disciplines in the course of the past decade
ought to read Bernstein's book. He examines an extraordinarily wide
range of theories with the most scrupulous care, in each case
adding a series of extremely perceptive criticisms."--Quentin
Skinner, New York Review of Books "Valuable . . . for identifying
the requirements for all rational life."--Religious Studies Review
Richard J. Bernstein is Vera List Professor of Philosophy, New
School for Social Research.
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