The rise of American research universities to international
preeminence constitutes one of the most important episodes in the
history of higher education. Research and Relevant Knowledge
follows Geiger's earlier volume on American research universities
from 1900 to 1940. This second work is the first study to trace
this momentous development in the post-World War II period. It
describes how the federal government first relied on university
scientists during the war, and how the resulting relationship set
the pattern for the postwar mushrooming of academic research. The
first half of the book analyzes the development of the postwar
system of academic research, exploring the contributions of
foundations, defense agencies, and universities. The second half
depicts the rise of the "golden age" of academic research in the
years after Sputnik (1957) and its eventual dissolution at the end
of the 1960s graduate education. When the federal patron soon
reduced its largesse, university students took the lead in
challenging the putative hegemony of academic research. The loss of
consensus quickly brought the malaise of the 1970s--stagnation,
frustration, and equivocation about the research role. The final
chapter appraises the renaissance of the 1980s, based largely on a
rapprochement with the private sector, and ends by evaluating the
embattled status of research universities at the beginning of the
1990s. Research and Relevant Knowledge provides the first
authoritative analytical account of American research universities
during their most fateful half-century. It will be of critical
importance to all those concerned with the future of higher
education in the United States.
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