By the end of the 1980s, the once mighty U.S. steel industry seemed
on its last legs. More than a quarter of a million jobs had been
lost, and communities like Pittsburgh and Bethlehem were
devastated. Yet today, the industry again stands as a world-class
competitor. In The Renaissance ofAmerican Steel, Roger Ahlbrandt,
Richard Fruehan, and Frank Giarratani illuminate the forces behind
this remarkable comeback, drawing valuable lessons for managers not
only in the steel business but in any business now battling the
global marketplace.
Citing evidence from a wide range of companies in the U.S., the
U.K., and Japan, and clearly explaining the basics of steel
production, the authors show how the industry's rebirth resulted
both from the downsizing of big companies and the rise of minimills
capturing markets from the larger companies. They describe how
large, traditional firms--including U.S. Steel, British Steel, and
Nippon Steel--recognized that they had to reduce the scope of their
operations and reorganize to become more competitive. U.S. Steel
CEO Tom Graham, for instance, closed plants and refocused the
firm's resources on the market for flat-rolled products. The book
also examines how minimills--such as Nucor, Birmingham Steel,
Oregon Steel, Tokyo Steel, and Co-Steel Sheerness--have redefined
the industry's structure and competitive dynamics. Nucor, in
particular, has emerged as the leader among the minimills--the
largest electric furnace-based steel company in the U.S., with
annual sales exceeding $3 billion. The reader learns how CEO Ken
Iverson, recognizing the opportunities to be seized if Nucor moved
beyond traditional products (such as steel joists and rebar),
created the most innovative steel mill in the world, with a
consistent record of investing in new technologies to lower
operating costs and to move into sophisticated, value-added
products. Throughout the book, the authors offer sharp insights
into the steel industry in the U.S. and abroad--but more important,
they highlight the lessons to be learned for managers in all
industries. The authors conclude, for instance, that success for
both large and small steel producers depends on a critical
interplay of factors that touch on leadership, new technologies,
and decentralized management. Effective leaders, the authors find,
don't micromanage; they set a goal for the company and communicate
it broadly to gain employees' commitment. High-performing companies
aggressively seek technical know-how, even if it means purchasing
it from foreign competitors or securing joint agreements. And
finally, successful companies decentralize, empowering employees
far down in the organization to handle daily decisionmaking.
This in-depth analysis of a radically changed industry speaks
volumes about the value of flexibility in business. It is an
essential resource for any manager working in today's global
economy.
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