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Books > Medicine > Clinical & internal medicine > Musculoskeletal medicine
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Skeletal Muscle Circulation (Paperback)
Loot Price: R1,301
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Skeletal Muscle Circulation (Paperback)
Series: Colloquium Series on Integrated Systems Physiology
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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The aim of this treatise is to summarize the current understanding
of the mechanisms for blood flow control to skeletal muscle under
resting conditions, how perfusion is elevated (exercise hyperemia)
to meet the increased demand for oxygen and other substrates during
exercise, mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of regular
physical activity on cardiovascular health, the regulation of
transcapillary fluid filtration and protein flux across the
microvascular exchange vessels, and the role of changes in the
skeletal muscle circulation in pathologic states. Skeletal muscle
is unique among organs in that its blood flow can change over a
remarkably large range. Compared to blood flow at rest, muscle
blood flow can increase by more than 20-fold on average during
intense exercise, while perfusion of certain individual white
muscles or portions of those muscles can increase by as much as
80-fold. This is compared to maximal increases of 4- to 6-fold in
the coronary circulation during exercise. These increases in muscle
perfusion are required to meet the enormous demands for oxygen and
nutrients by the active muscles. Because of its large mass and the
fact that skeletal muscles receive 25% of the cardiac output at
rest, sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction in vessels
supplying this tissue allows central hemodynamic variables (e.g.,
blood pressure) to be spared during stresses such as hypovolemic
shock. Sympathetic vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle in such
pathologic conditions also effectively shunts blood flow away from
muscles to tissues that are more sensitive to reductions in their
blood supply that might otherwise occur. Again, because of its
large mass and percentage of cardiac output directed to skeletal
muscle, alterations in blood vessel structure and function with
chronic disease (e.g., hypertension) contribute significantly to
the pathology of such disorders. Alterations in skeletal muscle
vascular resistance and/or in the exchange properties of this
vascular bed also modify transcapillary fluid filtration and solute
movement across the microvascular barrier to influence muscle
function and contribute to disease pathology. Finally, it is clear
that exercise training induces an adaptive transformation to a
protected phenotype in the vasculature supplying skeletal muscle
and other tissues to promote overall cardiovascular health. Table
of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle and Its
Vascular Supply / Regulation of Vascular Tone in Skeletal Muscle /
Exercise Hyperemia and Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation During
Muscular Activity / Microvascular Fluid and Solute Exchange in
Skeletal Muscle / Skeletal Muscle Circulation in Aging and Disease
States: Protective Effects of Exercise / References
General
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