A WAYFARER IN THE DOLOMITES THE DREI ZINNKN TO EDITION THE
following, pages do not purport to be a guide-book to the
Dolomites, but rather the record of a tour taken in those regions
by the writer and an artist friend some years ago, together with
some chapters on Climbing in the Dolomites, and notes on the Flora
and Geology of the district. In order to bring such a work
completely up to date, it would necessitate practically rewriting
it, and it has been felt that the better plan to adopt would be to
leave the account of the tour unchanged, adding in this preface a
few notes on the changes brought about by the war. It should,
however, be mentioned that the climbing chapters have been
thoroughly revised and brought up to date as far as possible. In
1910, when the first edition was pub lished, the Dolomite region
was divided between Austria and Italy by an irregular frontier line
running generally in a south vi A WAYFARER IN THE DOLOMITES
westerly direction from a point near Sexten in the north to a point
near Primiero in the south. West of this line was Austria, east was
Italy, and it is this old frontier that is meant when reference is
made in this book to passing from Austria to Italy or vice versa.
War was declared against Austria-Hungary by Italy on 23 May, 1915,
and by the Treaty of St. Germain on the 10 September, 1919, South
Tyrol, as far north as the Brenner Pass, was assigned to Italy,
thus bringing the whole of the Dolo mites into the latter country,
with the exception of the small group near Lienz. One of the
results of this transfer of terri tory is that Italian is now
everywhere the official language, and that official Italian
place-names have been substituted for some ofthe old German
place-names this is particularly noticeable in the names of railway
stations. Among them arc the following, which are referred to in
this and other pre-war travel books under their German names German
Name Is now Auer ., . . . . Ora Val di Fiemme Blumau ., . . Prato
all 1 Isarco Bozen, ., . . Bolzano PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION
vii German Name Bruneck Drei Zinnen Franzensfeste Grasleiten Pass
Grodnertal Hohlenstein Innichen Kastelruth Klausen Lorenzen
Niederdorf Schluderbach station . . Toblach Waidbruck Welschnofen .
. 2s now Brunico Tre Cime di Lavaredo Fortezza Passo Principe Val
Gardena Landro S. Cdndido Castelrotto Chiusa S. Lorenzo in Pusteria
Villabassa Carbonin-Misurina Dobbiaco Ponte all Isarco Nova Levante
Part of the region of the Dolomites was one of the theatres of the
war. The Italian troops invaded Austria and won Cortina and
Primiero in 1916, but lost them in 1917. The war has added much to
the history of Cortina, Primiero and Caprile which is briefly given
in Chapter XIII. Severe fighting took place round Sexten and the
Drei Zinnen, the Monte Pian, the Col di Lana, Tofana and the
Marmolata. On and about the summits of Monte Cris tallino and
Tofana Italian artillery batteries were stationed. Some villages
were par tially destroyed, but have since been rebuilt viii A
WAYFARER IN THE DOLOMITES among them Toblach, Landro, Sexten,
Andraz, Pieve di Livinallongo, Caprile and San Martino di
Castrozza. Remains of fortifications, entrenchments and wire en
tanglements are still to be seen in many places. The Club Huts
erected in South Tyrol by the German and Austrian sections of the
D. O. A. V. Deutsche und Oester reichische Alpen Verein were taken
over by theItalian Government after the war, Many had been
partially or wholly destroyed in the fighting, several had been
pillaged and rendered unserviceable, and the rest have been taken
over and are maintained by the Club Alpino Italiano C. A. I., which
has also built new huts to replace some of those destroyed. In the
text the destroyed huts and the new ones have been noted as far as
possible, and their new Italian names given. Outside the Dolomite
region the huts about the new frontier are mainly occupied by
Italian - officials, the Finanzieri...
General
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