Climate change is directly linked to the human activities,
according to the Fourth Assessment Report of IPCC (2007). In last
two decades of 20th Century, accelerated anthropogenic activities
pushed up the atmospheric abundance of greenhouse gases, mainly
CO2, CH4, and N2O, alarmingly which enhanced the radiative forcing
of the Earth's surface and thus perturbed its heat radiation
balance. As a consequence, atmospheric characteristics, such as
temperature, rainfall pattern, levels of CO2 and O3 have changed
significantly, affecting the farm productivity. Although rising
level of CO2 may have fertilizing effect on C3 crops, but
concomitant rise in atmospheric temperature, O3 level and extreme
weather conditions can not only nullify the fertilizing effect of
CO2, but also drastically reduce the crop production, threatening
food security to burgeoning world population. Agricultural crops
are not only victim of climate variability and extreme whether
conditions, but also serve as a potential source of CH4 and
N2O.
Therefore, in changed scenario, Kyoto Protocol (1997) has sought
all signatory developed nations to cut down their emission levels
as per their differential commitments to UNFCCC and developing
nations to invest in less carbon emission projects to avert the
process of global warming process.
In this context, the present edition, which compiles latest
findings of studies carried out by the scientists on climate change
and crops around the world, serves as a ready reckoner to crop
scientists, atmospheric scientists, ecologists, environmentalists,
research scholars and post- graduate students to update their
knowledge and understanding on this issue.
General
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