During the Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations, Laos was
positioned to become a major front in the Cold War. Yet American
policymakers ultimately chose to resist communism in neighboring
South Vietnam instead. Two generations of historians have explained
this decision by citing logistical considerations. Laos's
landlocked, mountainous terrain, they hold, made the kingdom an
unpropitious place to fight, while South Vietnam possessing a long
coastline, navigable rivers, and all-weather roads better
accommodated America's military forces. The Universe Unraveling is
a provocative reinterpretation of U.S.-Laos relations in the years
leading up to the Vietnam War. Seth Jacobs argues that Laos boasted
several advantages over South Vietnam as a battlefield, notably its
thousand-mile border with Thailand, whose leader was willing to
allow Washington to use his nation as a base from which to attack
the communist Pathet Lao.
More significant in determining U.S. policy in Southeast Asia
than strategic appraisals of the Laotian landscape were cultural
perceptions of the Lao people. Jacobs contends that U.S. policy
toward Laos under Eisenhower and Kennedy cannot be understood apart
from the traits Americans ascribed to their Lao allies. Drawing on
diplomatic correspondence and the work of iconic figures like
"celebrity saint" Tom Dooley, Jacobs finds that the characteristics
American statesmen and the American media attributed to the Lao
laziness, immaturity, and cowardice differed from the traits
assigned the South Vietnamese, making Lao chances of withstanding
communist aggression appear dubious. The Universe Unraveling
combines diplomatic, cultural, and military history to provide a
new perspective on how prejudice can shape policy decisions and
even the course of history."
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