Twenty-five years after the Chernobyl explosion, disaster struck
once again after a tsunami overwhelmed the considerable safety
measures at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. However,
Fukushima had in place a solid containment structure to reduce the
spread of radiation in the event of a worst-case scenario;
Chernobyl did not. These two incidents highlight the importance of
such safety measures, which were critically lacking in an entire
class of Soviet-designed reactors. This book examines why five
countries operating these dangerous reactors first signed
international agreements to close them within a few years, then
instead delayed for almost two decades. It looks at how political
decision makers weighed the enormous short-term costs of closing
those reactors against the long-term benefits of compliance, and
how the political instability that dominated post-Communist
transitions impacted their choices. The book questions the efficacy
of Western governments' efforts to convince their Eastern
counterparts of the dangers they faced, and establishes a causal
relationship between political stability and compliance behavior.
This model will also enable more effective assistance policies in
similar situations of political change where decision makers face
considerable short-term costs to gain greater future rewards. This
book provides a valuable resource for postgraduate students,
academics and policy makers in the fields of nuclear safety,
international agreements, and democratization.
General
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