American Haiku: New Readings explores the history and development
of haiku by American writers, examining individual writers. In the
late nineteenth century, Japanese poetry influenced through
translation the French Symbolist poets, from whom British and
American Imagist poets, Amy Lowell, Ezra Pound, T. E. Hulme, and
John Gould Fletcher, received stimulus. Since the first
English-language hokku (haiku) written by Yone Noguchi in 1903, one
of the Imagist poet Ezra Pound's well-known haiku-like poem, "In A
Station of the Metro," published in 1913, is most influential on
other Imagist and later American haiku poets. Since the end of
World War II many Americans and Canadians tried their hands at
writing haiku. Among them, Richard Wright wrote over four thousand
haiku in the final eighteen months of his life in exile in France.
His Haiku: This Other World, ed. Yoshinobu Hakutani and Robert L.
Tener (1998), is a posthumous collection of 817 haiku Wright
himself had selected. Jack Kerouac, a well-known American novelist
like Richard Wright, also wrote numerous haiku. Kerouac's Book of
Haikus, ed. Regina Weinreich (Penguin, 2003), collects 667 haiku.
In recent decades, many other American writers have written haiku:
Lenard Moore, Sonia Sanchez, James A. Emanuel, Burnell Lippy, and
Cid Corman. Sonia Sanchez has two collections of haiku: Like the
Singing Coming off the Drums (Boston: Beacon Press, 1998) and
Morning Haiku (Boston: Beacon Press, 2010). James A. Emanuel's Jazz
from the Haiku King (Broadside Press, 1999) is also a unique
collection of haiku. Lenard Moore, author of his haiku collections
The Open Eye (1985), has been writing and publishing haiku for over
20 years and became the first African American to be elected as
President of the Haiku Society of America. Burnell Lippy's haiku
appears in the major American haiku journals, Where the River Goes:
The Nature Tradition in English-Language Haiku (2013). Cid Corman
is well-known not only as a haiku poet but a translator of Japanese
ancient and modern haiku poets: Santoka, Walking into the Wind
(Cadmus Editions, 1994).
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