Parks and reserves are on the front line in the campaign to
conserve biodiversity on our planet. It is increasingly clear that
these protected areas have limited future prospects without the
cooperation and support of local people, especially in developing
countries. Integrated Conservation and Development Projects (ICDPs)
set out to reconcile park management with local needs and
aspirations -- by emphasizing social and economic development among
local communities -- and have managed to attract the lion's share
of the funding for biodiversity. But so far the results have been
disappointing. Important unanswered questions remain, and there is
little consensus on when or where an ICDP approach to protected
area management is appropriate and likely to be effective. Some
conservationists argue that the ICDP focus on development dilutes
biodiversity conservation goals, whereas others argue that the
inward-looking protectionist alternative is doomed to failure.
As the struggle to balance conservation and development
continues, the need to evaluate what works and what doesn't becomes
increasingly important. This book draws on the lessons from the
ICDP experience to inform the next generation of biodiversity
conservation programs, including those concerned with the
alleviation of poverty as well as those working at landscape scale.
The contributors explore the theoretical and practical challenges
to better inform conservationists and decision makers of the role
that conservation and development approaches can and should play in
conserving biodiversity.
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