Maxim Gorky, born Aleksei Maksimovich Peshkov in 1868 to the low
stratum of Russian society, rose to prominence early in life as a
writer and publicist. Gorky, who did not have a formal education,
became famous in his country and abroad. Writing could not satisfy
the rebellious Gorky who soon became involved in revolutionary
movements. After a short period with the populist/narodnik
movement, Gorky became disillusioned with the peasant class, and,
instead, he chose the nascent class of workers as the vehicle for
change. It is as if Gorky and capitalism arrived in Russia
together. In his view the intelligentsia and the workers would
bring about the change in the political, social, and cultural life
of the country.
Gorky came close to Lenin and the Bolsheviks, taking an active
part in the Revolution of 1905 and going into an exile that lasted
until 1913. Gorky, returning home on the eve of World War I and the
following revolutions of February and October 1917, became involved
in the momentous developments. He vehemently opposed Lenin's
socialist revolution, maintaining that Russia was not ready for it.
A second exile followed in 1921. After returning in 1928 to
Stalin's Soviet Union, Gorky was made into an icon, with the eye of
the inquisition watching over him. And here began what is often
called The Tragedy of Maxim Gorky. He died in 1936, but the
circumstances of his death as well as the question whither Gorky is
still debated Based on hitherto unavailable primary sources, Yedlin
has cut through the Gorky legend to show the real person, the Gorky
of contradictions and oscillations. Fascinating reading for
scholars and students of Russian history and literature as well as
the general public.
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