Zinacantan, Chamula, and Chenalho are neighboring Mayan
communities situated in highland Chiapas, Mexico, near the city of
San Cristobal Las Casas. The inhabitants of the three communities
speak dialects of the Tzotzil language. Five religious fiestas,
celebrated by these communities in honor of their saints, provide
the data for Victoria Bricker's comparative study of ritual
humor.
In Chenalho and Chamula performances of ritual humor are
concentrated in the five-day period of a single fiesta, while in
Zanacantan similar performances are distributed over threee
fiestas. In these fiesta settings, performers in distinctive
costumes make obscene and sacreligious remarks in the context of
religious ritual. These performances are defined as ritual humor
because they occur only in ritual settings.
Bricker's study constitutes a controlled cross-cultural
comparison of ceremonial or ritual humor in its social and cultural
setting. Much new information is provided in verbatim texts,
recorded during actual fiesta performances. The study reveals that,
although the three communities share a common pool of ritual
symbols, they elaborate them differently in ritual humor. The study
analyzes the symbolic expression of values, social organization,
and interethnic relations.
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