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Non-Identity Theodicy - A Grace-Based Response to the Problem of Evil (Hardcover)
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Non-Identity Theodicy - A Grace-Based Response to the Problem of Evil (Hardcover)
Series: Oxford Theology and Religion Monographs
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC
BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford
Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and
selected open access locations. Questions as personal as those
about suffering require a very personal response. However, the most
popular responses to "the problem of evil" revolve around abstract
discussions of greater goods, maximization of value, and best
possible worlds, depicting God as at best an impartial bureaucrat
and at worst a utility fanatic, rather than as a loving parent
concerned first and foremost for his children. Vince R. Vitale
develops Non-Identity Theodicy as an original response to the
problem of evil. He begins by recognizing that horrendous evils
pose distinctive challenges for belief in God. The book constructs
an ethical framework for theodicy by sketching four cases of human
action where horrendous evils are either caused, permitted, or
risked, either for pure benefit or for harm avoidance. This
framework is then brought to bear on the project of theodicy. The
initial conclusions drawn impugn the dominant structural approach
of depicting God as causing or permitting horrors in individual
lives for the sake of some merely pure benefit. This approach is
insensitive to relevant asymmetries in the justificatory demands
made by horrendous and non-horrendous evil and in the justificatory
work done by averting harm and bestowing pure benefit. Vitale then
critiques theodicies that depict God as permitting or risking
horrors in order to avert greater harm. The second half of this
book develops a theodicy that falls outside of the proposed
taxonomy. Non-Identity Theodicy suggests that God allows evil
because it is a necessary condition of creating individual people
whom he desires to love. This approach to theodicy is unique
because the justifying good recommended is neither harm-aversion
nor pure benefit. It is not a good that betters the lives of
individual human persons-for they would not exist otherwise, but it
is the individual human persons themselves.
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