This unique and original textbook offers undergraduates and
interested professionals a much-needed description of how the penal
system, including both prisons and alternatives to custody, is
organized in eight major Western European countries. Each chapter
provides readers with a critical anatomy and empirical overview of
the full range of penal sanctions used in each country and an
analysis of how these sanctions are implemented. Using statistical
data which are not widely available, contributors examine the
nature of the penal population in relation to sentencing, to its
class, gender and racial composition and to the nature of the
offences for which individuals have been confined. While
highlighting several common trends in penal policy and strategy
across Europe and seeking to assess to what extent these
commonalities are being generated by the wider process of political
integration, Western European Penal Systems also demonstrates that
each of the eight countries has to an important extent its own
culture of punishment which is constantly being reinterpreted and
reworked.
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