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Occurrence and Distribution of Pesticides in Surface Waters of the Hood River Basin, Oregon, 1999-2009 - Usgs Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5082 (Paperback)
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Discovery Miles 5 210
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Occurrence and Distribution of Pesticides in Surface Waters of the Hood River Basin, Oregon, 1999-2009 - Usgs Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5082 (Paperback)
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Loot Price R521
Discovery Miles 5 210
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The U.S. Geological Survey analyzed pesticide and trace-element
concentration data from the Hood River basin collected by the
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) from 1999 through
2009 to determine the distribution and concentrations of pesticides
in the basin's surface waters. Instream concentrations were
compared to (1) national and State water-quality standards
established to protect aquatic organisms and (2) concentrations
that cause sublethal or lethal effects in order to assess their
potential to adversely affect the health of salmonids and their
prey organisms. Three salmonid species native to the basin are
listed as "threatened" under the U.S. Endangered Species Act: bull
trout, steelhead, and Chinook salmon. A subset of 16 sites was
sampled every year by the ODEQ for pesticides, with sample
collection targeted to months of peak pesticide use in orchards
(March-June and September). Ten pesticides and four pesticide
degradation products were analyzed from 1999 through 2008; 100 were
analyzed in 2009. Nineteen pesticides were detected: 11
insecticides, 6 herbicides, and 2 fungicides. Two of four
insecticide degradation products were detected. All five detected
organophosphate insecticides and the one detected organochlorine
insecticide were present at concentrations exceeding water-quality
standards, sublethal effects thresholds, or acute toxicity values
in one or more samples. The frequency of organophosphate detection
in the basin decreased during the period of record; however,
changes in sampling schedule and laboratory reporting limits
hindered clear analysis of detection frequency trends. Detected
herbicide and fungicide concentrations were less than water-quality
standards, sublethal effects thresholds, or acute toxicity values.
Simazine, the most frequently detected pesticide, was the only
herbicide detected at concentrations within an order of magnitude
(factor of 10) of concentrations that impact salmonid olfaction.
Some detected pesticides are of concern, not for their toxicity
alone, but for their ability to potentiate the harmful impacts of
other pesticides, particularly organophosphates, on salmonids or
their prey. Many samples contained mixtures of pesticides, but the
effects to salmonids of relevant mixtures at environmentally
realistic concentrations for the basin are unknown. Trace-element
concentration data, although limited, indicate that eight trace
elements are also of concern for their potential to harm salmonid
health. The dataset is limited with regard to the spatial and
seasonal distribution of pesticides and trace elements in all
salmonid-bearing streams, the presence of particle-bound
pesticides, and the presence of several unmonitored pesticides
known to be used in the basin.
General
Imprint: |
Bibliogov
|
Country of origin: |
United States |
Release date: |
March 2013 |
First published: |
March 2013 |
Authors: |
Whitney B. Temple
|
Dimensions: |
246 x 189 x 5mm (L x W x T) |
Format: |
Paperback - Trade
|
Pages: |
100 |
ISBN-13: |
978-1-288-85671-8 |
Categories: |
Books >
Social sciences >
Politics & government >
General
|
LSN: |
1-288-85671-7 |
Barcode: |
9781288856718 |
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