This study, first published in 1987, focuses on Victorian
approaches to the moral reformation of prisoners, and aims to
emphasise the ways in which the human value and social inclusion of
prisoners were pursued. The author begins by discussing the
evangelical view of social problems and human value in
early-industrial Britain as well as the 'associationist'
psychological analysis of human attitude developed by theorists
from John Locke to Jeremy Bentham. The workings of these two
theoretical frameworks in the practice of British prisons are then
analyses, arguing that by 1860 both theories were basic to the
approach to the incarceration of wrongdoers. After 1860 the picture
changed radically to an unambiguous deterrent severity. This was
linked to a more 'scientific' and evolutionist analysis of human
conduct and attitude; theological objections to reformism were also
brought into play. In the last forty years of the nineteenth
century prisoners came to be seen as constitutionally inferior
beings for whom no hope of reform could be generally entertained.
This title will be of interest to students of history and of
criminology.
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