What impact do international economic inputs have on human
rights in Third World nations? William Meyer explores the effects
of direct investment by U.S. multinational corporations, economic
and military aid, and MNC manufacturing plants. He examines the
international political economy of human rights at both the
national and the international levels. Case studies are combined
with quantitative studies that use aggregate cross-national data,
and theories that link MNCs to human rights are subjected to
empirical testing.
As Meyer illustrates, at the national level, human rights
violations are associated with U.S. MNCs in Chile, Honduras, India,
Indonesia, and Mexico. MNCs have been especially guilty of
violating labor rights, particularly through their reliance on
sweatshops. MNCs have also been responsible for widespread
pollution and environmental degradation. At a broader international
level, increased investment by MNCs tends to go along with human
rights improvements in the Third World as a whole. Meyer shows that
there is a broad positive relationship between direct investment by
MNCs and broader political rights and improved living standards.
Aggregate data are also analyzed for human rights as compared to
U.S. economic and military aid. Economic aid is found to be
associated with improved civil-political rights and improved
socioeconomic rights. Military aid, by contrast, is associated with
declining levels of civil rights and with lower levels of social
welfare. This book will serve as an important study for
researchers, activists, and students of human rights.
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