Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Native scholars offer clearly written coverage of the relationship between post-Soviet and Asian political parties and democracy in their nations. Political Parties and Democracy: Volume III: Post-Soviet and Asian Political Parties is the third volume in this five-volume set. It offers clearly written, up-to-date coverage of post-Soviet and Asian political parties from the unique perspective of distinguished indigenous scholars who have lived the truths they tell and, thus, write with unique breadth, depth, and scope. Presented in two parts, this volume overviews post-Soviet parties, then discusses the realities on the ground in Georgia, Moldova, Russia, and Ukraine. Likewise, the book offers an introduction to Asian political parties, followed by chapters on China, India, Japan, Malaysia, and South Korea. Throughout, contributors explore the relationship between political parties and democracy (or democratization) in their respective nations, providing necessary historical, socioeconomic, and institutional context, and clarifying the balance of power among parties—and between them and competing agencies of power—today.

The development of solar energy is becoming increasingly widespread all over the world. One significant way to reduce the cost of energy generated by solar modules, as well as reduce the need for centralized energy supply, is the use of non-tracking concentrator solar modules integrated into the building structure. As this area of engineering gains interest from all sectors, it is crucial to understand how to increase productivity in order to make solar modules an excellent source of energy. Solar Concentrating Modules With Louvered Heliostats: Emerging Research and Opportunities is an essential publication that formulates a scientifically based approach to the development of non-tracking solar modules with a system of linear louvered heliostats and the selection of the operating mode of the developed modules depending on various requirements of the consumer of thermal or electric energy. The proposed design can solve the problem of the lack of space for placing solar energy facilities in the city, as well as provide heat and electricity to consumers in the residential and public sectors and agricultural enterprises. The research results presented in the book can be used in the development of technological schemes and designs of photovoltaic, thermal, and cogeneration power plants with solar energy concentrators. Highlighting a wide range of topics including economic characteristics, artificial intelligence, and applications, this book is ideally designed for engineers, urban planners, policymakers, academicians, researchers, and students.

Over the past two centuries, the world's socio-economic progression has gone through profound paradigm changes unfolding along four major development stages. Higher education has been an important part of this process. The accelerated pace of technological, socio-economic, and business innovations as well as ongoing fundamental changes in the real world call for progress in pedagogy. While modern universities have adapted in various degrees through information platforms such as Blackboard or Brightspace, video conferencing, and other technological innovations, they still commonly rely on pedagogical ideas and concepts rooted in a thoroughly pre-modern era rooted in medieval times. Global Trends, Dynamics, and Imperatives for Strategic Development in Business Education in an Age of Disruption explores the genesis of higher education and its contemporary structure and profile in major global regions and discusses key trends, dynamics, drivers, and developmental imperatives currently shaping business education. Covering topics such as business education, online education, and strategic development, this book is essential for teachers, managers, trainers, faculty, administrators, policymakers, researchers, academicians, and students involved in studies that include industrial, economic, social, urban, innovation, legal, and policy development.

This comprehensive handbook provides readers with a single-source reference to the theoretical fundamentals, physical mechanisms and principles of operation of all known microwave devices and various radars. The author discusses proven methods of computation and design development, process, schematic, schematic-technical and construction peculiarities of each breed of the microwave devices, as well as the most popular and original technical solutions for radars. Coverage also includes the history of creation of the most widely used radars, as well as guidelines for their potential upgrading. Offers readers a comprehensive, systematized view of all contemporary knowledge, acquired during the last 20 years, on radars and related disciplines; Provides a single-source reference on the physical mechanisms and principles of operation of the basic components of radio location devices, including theoretical aspects of designing the necessary, high-efficiency electronic devices and systems, as well as key, practical methods of computation and design; Presents complex topics using simple language, minimizing mathematics.

Currently, solving problems based on designing and calculating complex structures with significant nonlinearity usually require:Semi-inverse Method in Nonlinear Problems of Axisymmetric Shells Forming provides an alternative method for solving problems with deep geometric and physical nonlinearity. Easily implemented on normal PCs, this method is fast and creative. The reader can use integrated packages of the MathCad variety that implement 'live mathematics'. Such packages give the reader the freedom to create programs for themselves.In the proposed method, a function for molding pressure is constructed, which is output to a stationary value by varying the shape parameters and edge reactions. The final shape of the shell is given using analytical approximations. Applications of the method are applied to real shell structures. Forming spherical and ellipsoidal shells (flapping membranes), correcting the shape of the bottom of a container for liquid cargo, modeling the operation of a flat jack, and converting a cylindrical shell into a barrel-shape are also considered.

This book presents materials on the implementation of modern technologies for aircraft information support and ground-based radio equipment for flights in the Russian Federation, especially in the Arctic and far Eastern regions, as well as new methods for monitoring the flight of civil aviation aircraft based on the use of local control and correction stations and optical systems that fully meet the requirements of international and domestic organizations for the reliability and integrity of transmitted information. The book is intended for engineering and technical specialists involved in the development, manufacturing and operation of aircraft avionics and ground-based radio electronic flight support systems, as well as graduate students and senior students of radio engineering specialties. It is useful to researchers and professionals whose activities are related to air traffic control.

Electric glow discharges (glows) can be found almost everywhere, from atmospheric electricity to modern plasma technologies, and have long been the object of research. The main purpose of this book is to provide simple illustrations of the basic physical mechanisms and principles that determine the properties of electric glow discharges. It should enable readers to successfully participate in scientific and technical progress.

This book includes an international group of researchers who present the latest achievements in the field of enzyme, immune system, and microbial and nano-biosensors. It highlights the experimental evidence for formation of biological fuel cells (BFCs)-which has a dual purpose - as a device that produces electricity and the systems which produce it simultaneously cleaning up the environment from polluting organic compounds. Considering the work in the field of macro, micro and nano-biosensors, considerable attention is paid to the use of nanomaterials for the modification of working electrodes. Nanomaterials in some cases can significantly improve the parameters of analytical systems. Readers will be interested in the projection of the presented theoretical and experimental materials in the field of practical application of modern analytical developments. The presented results in many cases imply the possibility of using the created models of macro, micro and nano-biosensors, and biofuel elements in the field of health, and protection/restoration of the environment. It includes information about all existing types of transducers of signals in biosensors - electrochemical, optical and quantum-optics, thermoelectric, data of atomic force microscopy, piezoelectric, and more. On the basis of these principles, descriptions are given about the functioning of macro, micro and nano- biosensors for the detection of compounds used in medicine, detection of compounds that clog the environment, and thus affect human health, for compounds that are potentially the basis for the production of drugs, for the selection of compounds that have medicinal activity, for immunodetection, and to assess the quality of food. These questions form the basis of research carried out in the field of biosensors in the world. Since the described models of biosensors have high sensitivity, high measurement speed and selectivity, the described results attract the attention of both the ordinary reader and business class specialists who create and implement analytical technologies. This book is very useful for researchers in life sciences, chemical sciences, physics, and engineering. In addition, it will be useful for the persons working in industry. Advanced technologies specialists will be attracted by the novelty of the proposed solutions and their relevance and ease of implementation. Since the studies contain sections describing the parameters of different biosensors, BFCs, they are easily navigated into assessing the effectiveness of the practical use of the proposed device. The relevant sections indicate such characteristics as detection ranges, life span, type of biological material used, the method of formation of the bio-receptor part. These parameters are of interest to both developers of new models of biosensors and BFC, and their manufacturers.

This book discusses recent developments in dynamic reliability in multi-state systems (MSS), addressing such important issues as reliability and availability analysis of aging MSS, the impact of initial conditions on MSS reliability and availability, changing importance of components over time in MSS with aging components, and the determination of age-replacement policies. It also describes modifications of traditional methods, such as Markov processes with rewards, as well as a modern mathematical method based on the extended universal generating function technique, the Lz-transform, presenting various successful applications and demonstrating their use in real-world problems. This book provides theoretical insights, information on practical applications, and real-world case studies that are of interest to engineers and industrial managers as well as researchers. It also serves as a textbook or supporting text for graduate and postgraduate courses in industrial, electrical, and mechanical engineering.

Negotiations and other business maneuvers are like chess: every move generates a plethora of potential next moves. In Chess and the Art of Negotiation, a world-renowned chess master and a CEO of a global company join forces and apply the principles of chess to illuminate the dynamics of competition and negotiation—from angling for a promotion to landing the sale. In a colorful interview format, the authors argue that strategy drives tactics, and understanding the motivations behind your opponent's strategy will help you navigate your way through the labyrinth of possibilities. Drawing from their own experiences in chess and business, as well as many historical and contemporary examples, the authors offer insight into the strategic mindset and how to apply it to any kind of negotation or competitive situation. Not for the faint of heart, Chess and the Art of Negotiation assumes that in business, as in any game, there are winners and losers, and aims to help you prepare for combat and emerge victorious, not vanquished. Chess is like an intellectual labyrinth; whenever you open a door, you find yourself facing ten new doors. Negotiations and other business maneuvers are similar; each decision or action generates new opportunities. And, like chess, it is more important to determine the paths not taken. As Richard Nixon taught us: Always know ahead of time what you don't want. In Chess and the Art of Negotiation, a world-renowned chess master and a CEO of a global company combine forces and apply the principles of chess to illuminate the dynamics of competition, strategy and negotiation, whether angling for a promotion, beating your arch rival to a lucrative contract, or landing the sale. In a colorful interview format, the authors argue that it is not enough to be well prepared or well informed, nor is it sufficient to be trained in only the tactical aspects of engagement. Strategy drives tactics, and understanding the motivations behind your opponent's strategy will help you navigate your way through the labyrinth. Drawing from their own experiences in chess and in business, as well as many historical and contemporary examples, the authors offer insight into the strategic mindset and how to apply it to any kind of negotiation or competitive situation. Not for the faint of heart, Chess and the Art of Negotiation assumes that in business, as in any game, there are winners and losers, and aims to help you prepare for combat and emerge victorious, not vanquished.

This book provides details of the basic frameworks and characteristics of processes occurring in electronically excited states of small molecules, complexes, and clusters. It discusses the perturbations in electronically excited valence states of molecules induced by intramolecular interaction and intermolecular interactions, which occur in collisions and optically populated, weakly bound complexes. Further, it describes the kinetics and mechanisms of photoprocesses in simple molecules and recombination accompanied by radiation. The book also offers information on general kinetics for gas-phase processes and basic theoretical frameworks for elementary processes. It features many useful problems, making it a valuable resource for students and researchers in molecular spectroscopy/molecular physics and chemical physics/physical chemistry.

For citizenship education in the 21st century, globalization increasingly presents a new challenge and a new opportunity. Since the time when nationalism played a critical role in unifying new nations, nationality and citizenship have been virtually synonymous terms. As a result, the constructed symbiosis of citizenship and national identity has influenced state supported citizenship education in the most profound way. School curricula, particularly in public schools, produced and reinforced the dominant version of citizenship, which is national citizenship. Schools were expected to prepare future loyal citizens who would identify themselves with the nation. Due to the changing nature and scope of human interactions, the traditional model of citizenship education, however, appears increasingly outdated and deficient to address many contemporary challenges. Thus, schools have become a locus of a potential conflict of two citizenship discourses: the discourse of national citizenship that for a long time has served as the ultimate purpose of public education and the discourse of global citizenship that is forcefully and continuously seeking for a proper place in school curricula despite the lack of curricular heritage. The need for an education for citizenship that has a global scope and is guided by critical and emancipatory approaches becomes more evident. At the same time, the pressure to globalize and internationalize curriculum actively challenges such concepts as patriotism, national identity, loyalty to the state, or national uniqueness of government and democratic development that have been fundamental for citizenship and civic education for decades. In this book, a group of international scholars present their research about the dynamic development, interplay, and interconnectedness of two major discourses in citizenship education, namely national and global. Case studies and ethnographies from China, Cyprus, Egypt, Hong Kong and Singapore, Lebanon, Liberia, the Netherlands, Russia, and the United States display a multifaceted but yet comprehensive picture of educators' attempts to promote social justice, global awareness, and multiple loyalties. The volume will appeal to several constituencies: it will be interesting to teachers and teacher educators whose focus of instruction is citizenship education, social studies education, and global education; it will also be interesting to scholars who conduct research in citizenship and global education.

The proliferation of entrepreneurship, technological and business innovations, emerging social trends and lifestyles, employment patterns, and other developments in the global context involve creative destruction that transcends geographic and political boundaries and economic sectors and industries. This creates a need for an interdisciplinary exploration of disruptive technologies, their impacts, and their implications for various stakeholders widely ranging from government agencies to major corporations to consumer groups and individuals. Disruptive Technologies for Business Development and Strategic Advantage is a critical scholarly resource that explores innovation, imitation, and creative destruction as critical factors and agents of socio-economic growth and progress in the context of emerging challenges and opportunities for business development and strategic advantage. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as predictive value, business strategy, and sustainability, this book is geared towards entrepreneurs, business executives, business professionals, academicians, and researchers interested in strategic decision making using innovations and competitiveness.