In addressing humanitarian crises, the international community has long understood the need to extend beyond providing immediate relief, and to engage with long-term recovery activities and the prevention of similar crises in the future. However, this continuum from short-term relief to rehabilitation and development has often proved difficult to achieve. This book aims to shed light on the continuum of humanitarian crisis management, particularly from the viewpoint of major bilateral donors and agencies. Focusing on cases of armed conflicts and disasters, the authors describe the evolution of approaches and lessons learnt in practice when moving from emergency relief to recovery and prevention of future crises. Drawing on an extensive research project conducted by the Japan International Cooperation Agency Research Institute, this book compares how a range of international organizations, bilateral cooperation agencies, NGOs, and research institutes have approached the continuum in international humanitarian crisis management. The book draws on six humanitarian crises case studies, each resulting from armed conflict or natural disasters: Timor-Leste, South Sudan, the Syrian crisis, Hurricane Mitch in Honduras, the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia, and Typhoon Yolanda. The book concludes by proposing a common conceptual framework designed to appeal to different stakeholders involved in crisis management. Following on from the World Humanitarian Summit, where a new way of working on the humanitarian-development nexus was highlighted as one of five major priority trends, this book is a timely contribution to the debate which should interest researchers of humanitarian studies, conflict and peace studies, and disaster risk-management.

In addressing humanitarian crises, the international community has long understood the need to extend beyond providing immediate relief, and to engage with long-term recovery activities and the prevention of similar crises in the future. However, this continuum from short-term relief to rehabilitation and development has often proved difficult to achieve. This book aims to shed light on the continuum of humanitarian crisis management, particularly from the viewpoint of major bilateral donors and agencies. Focusing on cases of armed conflicts and disasters, the authors describe the evolution of approaches and lessons learnt in practice when moving from emergency relief to recovery and prevention of future crises. Drawing on an extensive research project conducted by the Japan International Cooperation Agency Research Institute, this book compares how a range of international organizations, bilateral cooperation agencies, NGOs, and research institutes have approached the continuum in international humanitarian crisis management. The book draws on six humanitarian crises case studies, each resulting from armed conflict or natural disasters: Timor-Leste, South Sudan, the Syrian crisis, Hurricane Mitch in Honduras, the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia, and Typhoon Yolanda. The book concludes by proposing a common conceptual framework designed to appeal to different stakeholders involved in crisis management. Following on from the World Humanitarian Summit, where a new way of working on the humanitarian-development nexus was highlighted as one of five major priority trends, this book is a timely contribution to the debate which should interest researchers of humanitarian studies, conflict and peace studies, and disaster risk-management.

Numerous countries have attempted to improve the performance of their railways by introducing more competition, but there is fierce debate and no consensus on how this is best achieved. This book reveals how railways were an obvious target for reform because they were often losing traffic and money, and because the government was typically deeply involved as either owner or regulator. This book summarizes and assesses the evidence from the experiences of rail reform in Europe, Latin America, and the United States. In short, the book reveals that no one approach has proven to be best across a wide variety of circumstances. It highlights how unbundling (separating infrastructure from train operations so that independent train operators could compete over common tracks) although attractive in theory, has so far proved complex to implement and delivered only some of the promised benefits. Privatization and deregulation have had more demonstrated success in the freight systems of North and South America, but are still largely untested in the more complex railway networks of Europe. The evidence is arguably slightly stronger for privatization and deregulation than for unbundling, but the jury is still out. Competition in the Railway Industry is invaluable in that it compares the strategies and experiences of different countries in introducing competition in railways, rather than simply focusing on one country and its approach. As such, it will appeal greatly to those in industry and government interested in railway policy and performance, and privatization and deregulation of utilities more generally. It will also appeal to academics and researchers of public sector, transport and industrial organization.

This book is an outcome of the sixth conference on bearing capacity of roads and airfield held in Lisbon, Portugal. It covers the following topics: bearing capacity policies, concepts, costs and condition surveys; analysis and modelling; design and environmental effects; and asphalt mixtures.

This book is an outcome of the sixth conference on bearing capacity of roads and airfield held in Lisbon, Portugal. It focuses on railway tracks and covers following topics: bearing capacity policies, concepts, costs and condition surveys; analysis and modelling; design and environmental effects.

Diasporic Africa presents the most recent research on the history and experiences of people of African descent outside of the African continent. By incorporating Europe and North Africa as well as North America, Latin America, and the Caribbean, this reader shifts the discourse on the African diaspora away from its focus solely on the Americas, underscoring the fact that much of the movement of people of African descent took place in Old World contexts. This broader view allows for a more comprehensive approach to the study of the African diaspora.

The volume provides an overview of African diaspora studies and features as a major concern a rigorous interrogation of "identity." Other primary themes include contributions to western civilization, from religion, music, and sports to agricultural production and medicine, as well as the way in which our understanding of the African diaspora fits into larger studies of transnational phenomena.

Sampllng Fundamental Aspects 2 Sampling: Fundamental aspects Reimar Leschber Institut fuer Wasser-, Boden- und Lufthygiene des Bundesge- sundheitsamtes, Berlin-Dahlem, Federal Republic of Germany Chairman of Working Party 2, COST 681 Protection of the environment increasingly requires the de- velopment of a recycling society using 'secondary raw ma- terials' instead of natural resources wherever possible. Among the methods of recycling the agricultural use of sludge is a traditional one and a good example with a long history of a meanlngful use of waste material. Increasing demands of water pollution control in the last de- cades leading to intensified and extended sewage treatment processes and thus to an increase of the sludge quantity have caused problems in this field in general. In addition, there were local problems of industrial pollution which have led to an increase of harmful substances in municipal sewage sludges. So, when the Concerted Action COST 68 was set up to study the beneficial and harmful effects of the agricultural use of sludge, investigation of harmful substances in the sludges and their environmental effects was 9ne of the main tasks of work. Although the progress of analytical techniques enabled the environmental authorities and institutions to determine harmful substances in sludges with great accuracy, it became clear that unsatisfactory results and an incomplete reproduc- ibility of analytical findings often were not due to shortcom- ings in the analytical procedure itself but to a preceding in- vestigation step: Improper sampling and sample preparation.

This book reveals how the idea of human security, combined with other human-centric norms, has been embraced, criticized, modified and diffused in East Asia (ASEAN Plus Three). Once we zoom in to the regional space of East Asia, we can see a kaleidoscopic diversity of human security stakeholders and their values. Asian stakeholders are willing to engage in the cultural interpretation and contextualization of human security, underlining the importance of human dignity in addition to freedom from fear and from want. This dignity element, together with national ownership, may be the most important values added in the Asian version of human security.

Beginning with a concise introduction to the theory of mean-field games (MFGs), this book presents the key elements of the regularity theory for MFGs. It then introduces a series of techniques for well-posedness in the context of mean-field problems, including stationary and time-dependent MFGs, subquadratic and superquadratic MFG formulations, and distinct classes of mean-field couplings. It also explores stationary and time-dependent MFGs through a series of a-priori estimates for solutions of the Hamilton-Jacobi and Fokker-Planck equation. It shows sophisticated a-priori systems derived using a range of analytical techniques, and builds on previous results to explain classical solutions. The final chapter discusses the potential applications, models and natural extensions of MFGs. As MFGs connect common problems in pure mathematics, engineering, economics and data management, this book is a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students in these fields.

This book is a true testimony from an experience that arose from the unexpected. After this experience, a new personality re-arises "awake" in the spiritual and which experience, hour, day and place are totally real. We also concluded that this experience had to be shared which could be of help or of spiritual support. We, Felix Gomez and Maria Mendoza would like to share this experience with all of you by contributing with our testimony and by wishing that it would be of great benefit to you all. It all starts with the spiritual revelations of Maria as her time of life passes while living in Mexico and as by circumstances of life; God indicates her by means of one of these revelations of dreams that she would have to leave her country and also was constantly revealing her a character. At that time she was always considering these dreams of revelations as a longing or as a personal inspiration and for this reason she was always classifying them as simply dreams but to such a degree that they were fulfilled without suspecting that they were coming from an unrelated cause and with the purpose to an unimaginable intention. After having to leave her country and arriving in the United States of America, God again reveals to her this character but this time in existing person with first and last name. It happens that at a certain day and place where Maria for the first time was beginning to work, the two of them meet without imagining the purpose, by the spiritual faith of one and the spiritual experiences of the other. And how as time passes these inspirations come alive ironically in the moment that Maria suffer from an illness which begins to take away her life little by little but without she being aware of it. It happens that one day this character had to take Maria in an emergency to the hospital in where she begins to agonize up to the extreme of death, in where she experiences God's judgment and in where she had to give account for accusations made against her by the demons. Discover; How Jesus Christ interceded and granted Maria another opportunity of returning to her body. What Maria discovered about this personage that God was constantly revealing her in dreams and how on having both met they discovered the "Spiritual Awakening" Also Discover; The meaning of the 6, 6, 6, the Free Will, who is the Death, the Judgment and the Accuser, the true Forbidden Fruit, who is the Ancient Serpent, what is the real Original Sin, what is the Suffering of Hell, from where does Good and Evil come from, "Idolatry" Satan's greatest deception, what relates Satan with Humanity, the Impurity which leads to Spiritual Blindness and Indignation, "the understanding of what Jesus Christ spoke in His Parables, and much, much more This book itself is an experience full of emotions to the maximum of mysteries and above all, a spiritual knowledge from other horizons. Important: *For best orientation it is necessary to use the Catholic Bible.* WARNING Read at your own risk and responsibility, FelGome Publishing L.L.C. and the Authors of the book do not take responsibility for any emotional cause that the Reading of the book may cause you.

This book is a true testimony from an experience that arose from the unexpected. After this experience, a new personality re-arises "awake" in the spiritual and which experience, hour, day and place are totally real. We also concluded that this experience had to be shared which could be of help or of spiritual support. We, Felix Gomez and Maria Mendoza would like to share this experience with all of you by contributing with our testimony and by wishing that it would be of great benefit to you all. It all starts with the spiritual revelations of Maria as her time of life passes while living in Mexico and as by circumstances of life; God indicates her by means of one of these revelations of dreams that she would have to leave her country and also was constantly revealing her a character. At that time she was always considering these dreams of revelations as a longing or as a personal inspiration and for this reason she was always classifying them as simply dreams but to such a degree that they were fulfilled without suspecting that they were coming from an unrelated cause and with the purpose to an unimaginable intention. After having to leave her country and arriving in the United States of America, God again reveals to her this character but this time in existing person with first and last name. It happens that at a certain day and place where Maria for the first time was beginning to work, the two of them meet without imagining the purpose, by the spiritual faith of one and the spiritual experiences of the other. And how as time passes these inspirations come alive ironically in the moment that Maria suffer from an illness which begins to take away her life little by little but without she being aware of it. It happens that one day this character had to take Maria in an emergency to the hospital in where she begins to agonize up to the extreme of death, in where she experiences God's judgment and in where she had to give account for accusations made against her by the demons. Discover; How Jesus Christ interceded and granted Maria another opportunity of returning to her body. What Maria discovered about this personage that God was constantly revealing her in dreams and how on having both met they discovered the "Spiritual Awakening" Also Discover; The meaning of the 6, 6, 6, the Free Will, who is the Death, the Judgment and the Accuser, the true Forbidden Fruit, who is the Ancient Serpent, what is the real Original Sin, what is the Suffering of Hell, from where does Good and Evil come from, "Idolatry" Satan's greatest deception, what relates Satan with Humanity, the Impurity which leads to Spiritual Blindness and Indignation, "the understanding of what Jesus Christ spoke in His Parables, and much, much more This book itself is an experience full of emotions to the maximum of mysteries and above all, a spiritual knowledge from other horizons. Important: *For best orientation it is necessary to use the Catholic Bible.* WARNING Read at your own risk and responsibility, FelGome Publishing L.L.C. and the Authors of the book do not take responsibility for any emotional cause that the Reading of the book may cause you.

This book is a book of quotes, maxims, and inspirational statements from new fathers to their children. These statements encompass life, happiness, love, and gender. Well intertwined are illustrations that depict the meaning of the inspirational statements.
The idea for this book came upon the birth of yet another child in this circle of these friends. In doing so, the new father found himself saying things late at night and in the early morning hours to his son that were both meaningful and inspirational. This book is a compilation of other words of wisdom from young fathers.
The books purpose is three fold: 1) to inspire fathers, young and old, 2) to provide words of wisdom to whisper or boldly input into the lives of children, and 3) to portray the awesome power of a father's love.

The decades after his migration from Cuba in October of 1962 had helped to block out the horrific realities of the revolution, but not the sadness and unrest he still experienced. From childhood and through his adult life, Maximo Gomez questioned what his life was meant for, and not receiving an answer, he found peace only in retreat and solitude.

In September of 1997, as he grieved his father's death, he received an otherworldly commission from his ancestors to pen down his family's history. A story that would span almost one hundred years, forcing him to relive the anguish and despair of every generation he uncovered. During his quest, Maximo Gomez returned to Cuba, wrote letters to the Vatican and genealogical societies in Spain.

Curiously, and yet cautiously, the author moved through a maze of politics, affluence, betrayal, death and privation that he later came to recognize as a journey of rediscovery. In this dramatized, often funny historical fiction, Max Gomez puts his phantoms to rest, finding the door of reconciliation between his future and his past.

Design and construction of pavements and railways for high speed trains is moving from merely empirical procedures towards a more mechanistic approach based on a better constructed theoretical basis. This will facilitate the use of new materials in transportation infrastructure under various climatic and traffic (load and speed) conditions. In addition, this will lead to a future challenge to implement a common framework between road, railway and geotechnical engineers. These contributions represent an excellent source of recent developments related to the design and construction of pavements, rail tracks and earth structures with emphasis placed on geotechnical background.

This volume, which represents a major advance on Simon Dik's final statement of the theory (1997), lays the foundation for the future evolution of FG towards a Functional Discourse Grammar. It rises to the double challenge of specifying the interface between discourse and grammar and of detailing the expression rules that link semantic representation and morphosyntactic form. The opening chapter, by Kees Hengeveld, sets out in programmatic form a new architecture for FG which both preserves the best of the traditional model and offers a place for numerous recent insights. The remaining chapters are devoted to refining and developing the programme laid down by Hengeveld, bringing in data from a range of languages as well as theoretical insights inspired by adjoining frameworks. Of special interest are an account by Matthew Anstey of how current proposals arise from the history of FG and various chapters in which the model is brought much closer to an account of real-time language production, notably including the first ever detailed account of the workings of expression rules, by Dik Bakker and Anna Siewierska. The final chapter, also by Hengeveld, draws together the findings of the various chapters, culminating in an elaborated model that represents the most sophisticated statement of Functional Grammar currently available. The volume thus gives a coherent account of FG as a theory which combines formal explicitness with a broad account of language functions.

This book presents a detailed and pedagogical exposition of the effective Lagrangian techniques and their applications to high-energy physics. It covers the main theoretical ideas and describes comprehensively how to use them in different fields, such as chiral perturbation theory and the symmetry breaking sector of the standard model and even low-energy quantum gravity. The book is written in the language of modern quantum field theory. Some of the theoretical topics treated are: decoupling, the Goldstone theorem, the non-linear sigma model, anomalies, the Wess--Zumino--Witten term, and the equivalence theorem.

The transatlantic slave trade brought individuals from diverse African regions and cultures to a common destiny in the American South. In this comprehensive study, Michael Gomez establishes tangible links between the African American community and its African origins and traces the process by which African populations exchanged their distinct ethnic identities for one defined primarily by the conception of race. He examines transformations in the politics, social structures, and religions of slave populations through 1830, by which time the contours of a new African American identity had begun to emerge. After discussing specific ethnic groups in Africa, Gomez follows their movement to North America, where they tended to be amassed in recognizable concentrations within individual colonies (and, later, states). For this reason, he argues, it is possible to identify particular ethnic cultural influences and ensuing social formations that heretofore have been considered unrecoverable. Using sources pertaining to the African continent as well as runaway slave advertisements, ex-slave narratives, and folklore, Gomez reveals concrete and specific links between particular African populations and their North American progeny, thereby shedding new light on subsequent African American social formation. |Recovers the diverse ethnic roots of Africans brought into slavery in the American South by identifying concrete links between African populations and their North American progeny.

In the last decade many countries turned to private sources to provide services formerly offered by public agencies. Europeans, particularly the British and the French, were leaders in this movement. Developing countries also experimented extensively with privatization in the 1980s, with varying degrees of success. Because governments around the world are heavily involved in transportation, it is a natural focus of privatization experiments and in many ways has been at the cutting edge. Going Private examines the diverse privatization experiences of transportation services and facilities. Cases are drawn from the United States, Asia, Europe, and Latin America. Since almost every country has experimented to some degree with highway and bus privatization, the authors focus particularly on these services, although they also discuss urban rail transit and airports. Highways and buses, they explain, encompass all three of the most common and basic forms of privatization: The sale of an existing state-owned enterprise; use of private, rather than public, financing and management for new infrastructure development; and contracting out to private vendors public services previously provided by government employees. After thoroughly examining these services and discussing the motives for, and objections to, privatization, the authors look at the prospects for privatization in other sectors and industries. They assess those circumstances in which privatization is most likely to succeed and those in which it is most likely to fail, for political as well as economic reasons. The authors conclude that privatization involves many political and social as well as economic dimensions. Privatization isusually not simply a matter of efficiency improvements or capital augmentation but also involves such deeply imbedded societal concerns as equity, income transfers, environmental problems, and attitudes toward taxation and the role of government.

In the 1980s and '90s many countries turned to the private sector to provide infrastructure and utilities, such as gas, telephones, and highways--with the idea that market-based incentives would control costs and improve the quality of essential services. But subsequent debacles including the collapse of California's wholesale electricity market and the bankruptcy of Britain's largest railroad company have raised troubling questions about privatization. This book addresses one of the most vexing of these: how can government fairly and effectively regulate "natural monopolies"--those infrastructure and utility services whose technologies make competition impractical?

Rather than sticking to economics, Jose Gomez-Ibanez draws on history, politics, and a wealth of examples to provide a road map for various approaches to regulation. He makes a strong case for favoring market-oriented and contractual approaches--including private contracts between infrastructure providers and customers as well as concession contracts with the government acting as an intermediary--over those that grant government regulators substantial discretion. Contracts can provide stronger protection for infrastructure customers and suppliers--and greater opportunities to tailor services to their mutual advantage. In some cases, however, the requirements of the firms and their customers are too unpredictable for contracts to work, and alternative schemes may be needed.

Beginning with antiquity, Reversing Sail: A History of the African Diaspora captures the essential political, cultural, social, and economic developments that shaped the black experience. In this second edition, Michael A. Gomez updates the text to include the most recent research on the African Diaspora. Continuing to pay particular attention to the lives of the working classes, the second edition expands its temporal boundaries to include developments into the twenty-first century, as well as integrating women and feminist perspectives more thoroughly. It also widens the geographical span to include Latin America, while incorporating more on African experiences in Europe, North Africa, and the Persian Gulf. Assessing the impact of religion, global trade, slavery and resistance, and the challenges of modernity, this edition further connects the experiences of Africans and their descendants over time and space, attending to both convergences and divergences, while explaining how the deep past informs subsequent developments.