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This book comprises the select proceedings of the International
Conference on Emerging Trends in Traditional and Technical Textiles
(ICETT 2019), and examines the latest developments and automation
in the field of textile technology. The topics covered include
geotextiles, filters, medical textiles, functional finishing of
textiles, composites, sustainable textile materials, and pollution
in the textile industry. The book also discusses various aspects of
traditional textiles including traditional methods of designing
textiles, traditional textiles as a new avatar for technical
textiles, traditional and technical assets of Indian and Asian
culture: phulkari, bagh, kalamkari and chope embroideries. This
book can be useful for students, researchers, and professionals
working in traditional textile design and technical textile
applications.
The immobilized biocatalyst (IMB) is a key component of
biotransformation systems that are used to transform substrates to
desired products. The impro- ment of biocatalyst properties has a
direct influence on the overall effectiveness of the process based
on the biotransformation. The basic catalytic characte- stics of
biocatalyst that are followed include kinetic properties, pH
optima, stability,and inhibition. The investigation of catalytic
properties of immobilized enzymes is still a time consuming
procedure and is not always simple. In the 1980s,a major effort was
made to standardize the rules by which IMB is char- terized. The
Working Party of EFB on immobilized biocatalysts has formul- ed
principles of individual methods, among them the requirement of
kinetic characterization [1]. It was recommended to use a
packed-bed reactor,equipped with temperature control and with
infinite flow circulation. The system should be equipped with a
post-column unit to measure the time-dependence of the product or
substrate concentration [2, 3], the most commonly used analytical
methods being spectrophotometry, chemiluminiscence, automatic
titration, bioluminiscence, chromatography, polarimetry, and
biosensors based on the oxygen electrode. There are two main
drawbacks to the application of these methods: 1. The need to vary
the analytical principles, depending on the chemical and
physical-chemical properties of analytes; 2. In some cases, mainly
in the study of hydrolytic enzymes, the natural s- strate must be
replaced by an artificial one,that is chromolytic,chromogenic,
chemiluminiscent,bioluminiscent,or fluorescent.
This book presents relevant and contemporary research on the remote
sensing of landscapes, agriculture & forestry, geomorphology,
coasts & oceans, natural hazards and wild habitats. It
highlights the application of remote sensing in understanding
natural processes and oceanic features, as well as in creating
mapping inventories of water resources across different spatial and
temporal scales. Recent advances in hyperspectral imaging and high
spatial resolution offer promising techniques for exploring various
aspects related to the fruitful and cost-effective monitoring of
large-scale environments. In the field of forestry and agriculture,
the book addresses topics such as terrain analysis, forest
management, updating current forest inventories, and vegetation
cover type discrimination. It also elaborates delineation of
various geo-morphological features of the earth's surface and
natural disasters, and includes a special section on the remote
sensing of wild habitats. Readers working in interdisciplinary
sectors engaged in remote-sensing-based research benefit from the
techniques presented.
The biotechnology business in India with an increase from USD 500
million in 1997 and reaching an estimated USD I billion next year
health related prod ucts accounting for 60%, agro and veterinary
products together 15%, and con tract R&D, reagents, devices and
supplies adding up to the remaining 25% of which the diagnostics
share was about 10% of the total surely presented an encouraging
picture even five years ago. While volumes have increased, the pat
tern has not. According to a report, prepared by McKinsey & Co,
India's Phar maceutical industry including domestic and export
sales and contract services totals nearly USD 5 billion.
Furthermore, the company optimistically projects the growth to a
factor of five fold only if both the industry and the government
are able to put in place achievable solutions that must take care
of the formida ble obstacles preventing further growth. If this
assessment is correct, then the established transformation made by
IT growth should also provide the confi dence required by the high
expectations for biotechnology which have arisen in the country in
recent years. Some contributors to this are overenthusiastic these
are bureaucrats, some retired scientists and of course the
complacent politicians who have the least knowledge of what the new
biotechnology is all about. However, there are clear indications of
biotechnology growth demon strated by a few but rapidly expanding
biotech companies such as Biocon Ltd, Shantha Biotech (P) Lid, Dr.
This book comprises the select proceedings of the International
Conference on Emerging Trends in Traditional and Technical Textiles
(ICETT 2019), and examines the latest developments and automation
in the field of textile technology. The topics covered include
geotextiles, filters, medical textiles, functional finishing of
textiles, composites, sustainable textile materials, and pollution
in the textile industry. The book also discusses various aspects of
traditional textiles including traditional methods of designing
textiles, traditional textiles as a new avatar for technical
textiles, traditional and technical assets of Indian and Asian
culture: phulkari, bagh, kalamkari and chope embroideries. This
book can be useful for students, researchers, and professionals
working in traditional textile design and technical textile
applications.
The immobilized biocatalyst (IMB) is a key component of
biotransformation systems that are used to transform substrates to
desired products. The impro- ment of biocatalyst properties has a
direct influence on the overall effectiveness of the process based
on the biotransformation. The basic catalytic characte- stics of
biocatalyst that are followed include kinetic properties, pH
optima, stability,and inhibition. The investigation of catalytic
properties of immobilized enzymes is still a time consuming
procedure and is not always simple. In the 1980s,a major effort was
made to standardize the rules by which IMB is char- terized. The
Working Party of EFB on immobilized biocatalysts has formul- ed
principles of individual methods, among them the requirement of
kinetic characterization [1]. It was recommended to use a
packed-bed reactor,equipped with temperature control and with
infinite flow circulation. The system should be equipped with a
post-column unit to measure the time-dependence of the product or
substrate concentration [2, 3], the most commonly used analytical
methods being spectrophotometry, chemiluminiscence, automatic
titration, bioluminiscence, chromatography, polarimetry, and
biosensors based on the oxygen electrode. There are two main
drawbacks to the application of these methods: 1. The need to vary
the analytical principles, depending on the chemical and
physical-chemical properties of analytes; 2. In some cases, mainly
in the study of hydrolytic enzymes, the natural s- strate must be
replaced by an artificial one,that is chromolytic,chromogenic,
chemiluminiscent,bioluminiscent,or fluorescent.
The biotechnology business in India with an increase from USD 500
million in 1997 and reaching an estimated USD I billion next year
health related prod ucts accounting for 60%, agro and veterinary
products together 15%, and con tract R&D, reagents, devices and
supplies adding up to the remaining 25% of which the diagnostics
share was about 10% of the total surely presented an encouraging
picture even five years ago. While volumes have increased, the pat
tern has not. According to a report, prepared by McKinsey & Co,
India's Phar maceutical industry including domestic and export
sales and contract services totals nearly USD 5 billion.
Furthermore, the company optimistically projects the growth to a
factor of five fold only if both the industry and the government
are able to put in place achievable solutions that must take care
of the formida ble obstacles preventing further growth. If this
assessment is correct, then the established transformation made by
IT growth should also provide the confi dence required by the high
expectations for biotechnology which have arisen in the country in
recent years. Some contributors to this are overenthusiastic these
are bureaucrats, some retired scientists and of course the
complacent politicians who have the least knowledge of what the new
biotechnology is all about. However, there are clear indications of
biotechnology growth demon strated by a few but rapidly expanding
biotech companies such as Biocon Ltd, Shantha Biotech (P) Lid, Dr.
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