The object of this NATO Advanced Study Institute was to pre sent a tutorial 'introduction both to the basic physics of recent spectacular advances achieved in the field of metrology and to the determination of fundamental physical constants. When humans began to qualify their description of natural phenomena, metrology, the science of measurement, developed along side geometry and mathematics. However, flam antiquity to modern times, the role of metrology was mostly restricted to the need of commercial, social or scientific transactions of local or at most national scope. Beginning with the Renaissance, and particularly in western Europe during the last century, metrology rapidly developed an international character as a result of growing needs for more accurate measurements and common standards in the emerging indus trial society. Although the concerns of metrology are deeply rooted to fundamental sciences, it was, until recently, perceived by much of the scientific community as mostly custodial in character."

These proceedings are based upon the invited review papers and the research notes presented at the NATO Advanced Research Institute on "Artificial Particle Beams in Space Plasma Studies" held at Geilo, Norway April 21-26, 1981. In the last decade a number of research groups have employed artificial particle beams both from sounding rockets and satellites in order to study various ionospheric and magnetospheric phenomena. However, the artificial particle beams used in this manner have given rise to a number of puzzling effects. Thus, instead of being just a probe for studying the ambient magnetosphere, the artificial particle beams have presented a rich variety of plasma physics problems, in parti ular various discharge phenomena, which in themselves are worthy of a careful study. The experimental studies in space using artificial particle beams have in turn given rise to both theore tical and laboratory studies. In the laboratory experi ments special attention has been paid to the problem of creating spacelike conditions in the vacuum chamber. The theoretical. work has addressed the question of beam plasma-neutral interaction with emphasis on the wave generation and the modified energy distributions of the charged particles. Numerical simulations have been used extensively. With the advent of the Space Shuttle in which several artificial particle beam experiments are planned for the 1980's, there is a growing interest in such experiments. Furthermore, there is a need for coordinating these studies, both in space and in the laboratory."

The object of this NATO Advanced Study Institute was to pre sent a tutorial 'introduction both to the basic physics of recent spectacular advances achieved in the field of metrology and to the determination of fundamental physical constants. When humans began to qualify their description of natural phenomena, metrology, the science of measurement, developed along side geometry and mathematics. However, flam antiquity to modern times, the role of metrology was mostly restricted to the need of commercial, social or scientific transactions of local or at most national scope. Beginning with the Renaissance, and particularly in western Europe during the last century, metrology rapidly developed an international character as a result of growing needs for more accurate measurements and common standards in the emerging indus trial society. Although the concerns of metrology are deeply rooted to fundamental sciences, it was, until recently, perceived by much of the scientific community as mostly custodial in character."

Presents a pictorial history of Rumney through a series of photographs and images.

Due to the very old age and scarcity of this book, many of the pages may be hard to read due to the blurring of the original text.

Due to the very old age and scarcity of this book, many of the pages may be hard to read due to the blurring of the original text.

Due to the very old age and scarcity of this book, many of the pages may be hard to read due to the blurring of the original text.

Due to the very old age and scarcity of this book, many of the pages may be hard to read due to the blurring of the original text.

Penarth was an agricultural community but the Industrial Revolution brought a great change. The town owes its early development to the success of the South Wales coalfields and the necessity for additional port facilities to accommodate the industry that followed. A tidal harbour was planned, which became a dock. The beach and Esplanade provided relaxation for locals and tourists alike and Penarth could boast a pier constructed by James & Arthru Mayoh in 1894. It was from Penarth beach that Kathleen Thomas became the first person to swim the Bristol Channel in 1927. She swam into Weston-super-Mare in seven hours and eighteen minutes. The book contains over 200 fascinating photographs, some loaned from family albums and others from prized postcard collections. It explores the dock, the town and includes its churches, as well as Penarth's gardens and the Esplanade, before travelling on to Sully via Lavernock and Swanbridge. Penarth holds many happy childhood memories for the author and the book will be enjoyed by all who have lived in Penarth or know it as a place they have visited since their childhood.

In this collection of over 200 postcards and family snapshots, author Geoffrey North taps a rich vein of nostalgia for the past of Barry and the surrounding area. The book examines all those settings which have provided the background or stimulus for the many wonderful memories held by residents and holiday-makers alike. Several striking images of pleasure cruises, a packed Barry Island, or of the Docks heaving with ships testify to Barry's dual importance as both a focal point for leisure activities and as a thriving port, despatching the coal of South Wales to all corners of the globe. The cards also reveal the quieter corners as well as the busy town centre. All in all, this is a selection which should delight everybody who holds Barry close to their heart.