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This book highlights the first systematic synthesis of various
research approaches in forensic medical diagnosis of the
morphological and polycrystalline structure of human biological
tissues and biological fluids. One of the global challenges in such
diagnosis is the assessment of actual time of death. The relevance
and objectivity of such studies are given by the innovative use of
complex multifunctional methods using lasers and Mueller-matrix
polarimetry, which is presented in this book. As a result, within
the framework of the statistical, correlation and fractal
approaches, diagnostic relationships were established between the
time parameters of the transformation of the topographic structure
of polarization-inhomogeneous microscopic images of biological
preparations and necrotic changes in the morphological structure of
biological tissues of the deceased. On this foundation, new
forensic medicine criteria have been developed for objective
determination of time of death.
This book presents a new diagnostic approach that utilizes complex
statistical, correlation, fractal, and singular analysis of spatial
distribution of the Stokes vector of scattered polarized light in
different diffraction zones. The technique is able to identify
changes in the distribution of optical axes and the birefringent
indices of multi-layered fibrillar networks of biological tissues.
The book also presents various scenarios for the formation of
polarization singularities in laser speckle images of
phase-inhomogeneous, multi-layered biological tissues in terms of
the characteristic values of Mueller-matrix images. Moreover, in
the context of potential diagnostic applications, it discusses the
states of polarization singularities and their changes associated
with the pathological abnormalities of the extracellular matrix of
human tissues, its spatial peculiarities and structural
orientation.
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