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As numerous academic and political commentators have noted, the
implications of introducing a victim’s perspective into the
delicate balance between state and offender is likely to be a key
issue in the future of criminal justice. This book seeks to outline
the contours of the relevant debates drawing together contributions
from prominent international and national commentators, from areas
including criminology, law, philosophy, social policy, politics and
sociology.
Concerns over insecurity and questions of safety have become
central issues in social and political debates across Europe and
the western world. Crucial changes have followed as a result, such
as a redefinition of the role of the state in relation to policing
- a central theme of this book - and an explosion in the growth of
private policing. These developments have, in their turn,
heightened feelings of insecurity and safety, particularly where
populations have become increasingly mobile and societies more
socially fragmented, culturally diverse and economically
fragmented. Responses to insecurity now increasingly inform
decisions made by governments, organisations and ordinary people in
their social interactions. This book makes a key contribution to an
understanding of these developments, approaching the subject from a
range of perspectives, across several different disciplines. The
three parts of the book look at broader theoretical and thematic
issues, then at cross-national and pan-European developments and
debates in European governance, and finally explore specific
examples of local issues of community safety and the broader
implications these have. Leading figures in the field draw upon
criminological, legal, social, and political theory to shed new
light on what has become one of the most intractable problems
facing western societies.
Questions of legitimacy and issues of compliance lie at the heart
of criminal justice systems and policies. Recent years have seen
greater recognition and awareness of the essential role of
legitimacy, trust and public confidence in underpinning the
effectiveness of criminal justice practices and institutions. As
such, experiences and perceptions of legitimacy have direct
implications for compliance, whilst securing public compliance
remains a pivotal challenge for systems of crime control. Exploring
the hitherto neglected links between legitimacy and compliance
raises crucial questions about the effectiveness of criminal
justice and point to ways in which both elements might be enhanced.
This book brings together leading international scholars to
consider a number of connected themes relating to compliance,
legitimacy and trust in different areas of criminal justice and
social regulation. It presents an inter-disciplinary dialogue and
debate that combines insights from criminology, psychology and
socio-legal studies drawing together conceptual analysis with
empirical research findings in relation to policing, anti-social
behaviour interventions, community penalties, electronic
monitoring, imprisonment and tax avoidance. In so doing, the book
presents advances in theory and conceptual understandings of
compliance and legitimacy within systems of crime control. The
contributors highlight the importance of normative and social
dimensions to compliance as well as the constructive role played by
experiences of procedural fairness and legitimacy in systems of
justice. This cutting-edge collection of essays will be invaluable
reading for all those interested in thinking critically about the
future of criminal justice policies and practices including
academics, researchers and criminal justice practitioners.
Questions of legitimacy and issues of compliance lie at the heart
of criminal justice systems and policies. Recent years have seen
greater recognition and awareness of the essential role of
legitimacy, trust and public confidence in underpinning the
effectiveness of criminal justice practices and institutions. As
such, experiences and perceptions of legitimacy have direct
implications for compliance, whilst securing public compliance
remains a pivotal challenge for systems of crime control. Exploring
the hitherto neglected links between legitimacy and compliance
raises crucial questions about the effectiveness of criminal
justice and point to ways in which both elements might be enhanced.
This book brings together leading international scholars to
consider a number of connected themes relating to compliance,
legitimacy and trust in different areas of criminal justice and
social regulation. It presents an inter-disciplinary dialogue and
debate that combines insights from criminology, psychology and
socio-legal studies drawing together conceptual analysis with
empirical research findings in relation to policing, anti-social
behaviour interventions, community penalties, electronic
monitoring, imprisonment and tax avoidance. In so doing, the book
presents advances in theory and conceptual understandings of
compliance and legitimacy within systems of crime control. The
contributors highlight the importance of normative and social
dimensions to compliance as well as the constructive role played by
experiences of procedural fairness and legitimacy in systems of
justice. This cutting-edge collection of essays will be invaluable
reading for all those interested in thinking critically about the
future of criminal justice policies and practices including
academics, researchers and criminal justice practitioners.
This book provides an empirically grounded, theoretically informed
account of recent changes to the youth justice system in England
and Wales, focusing on the introduction of elements of restorative
justice into the heart of the criminal justice system, and the
implementation of referral orders and youth offender panels. Taken
together, this amounts to the most radical overhaul of the youth
justice system in the last half century, fundamentally changing the
underlying values of the system away from an 'exclusionary punitive
justice' and towards an 'inclusionary restorative justice'. The
book explores the implications of these changes by using the lens
of a detailed study of the implementation of referral orders and
youth offender panels to explore wider issues about youth justice
policy and the integration of restorative justice principles. It
draws upon the findings of an in-depth study of the pilots
established prior to the national rollout of referral orders in
April 2002. The book will be essential reading not only for those
involved in the task of implementing the new youth justice, but
others with an interest in the criminal justice system and in
restorative justice who need to know about the far reaching reforms
to the youth justice system and their impact.
Concerns over insecurity have become central issues in political debates across Europe and the western world, and crucial changes have followed in the wake of these concerns. This book contributes to an understanding of these developments.
As numerous academic and political commentators have noted, the
implications of introducing a victim's perspective into the
delicate balance between state and offender is likely to be a key
issue in the future of criminal justice. This volume seeks to
outline the contours of the relevant debates, drawing together
contributions from prominent international and national
commentators, from areas including criminology, law, philosophy,
social policy, politics and sociology.
It is a key aim of current youth justice policy to introduce
principles of restorative justice and involve victims in responses
to crime. This is most evident in the referral order and youth
offender panels established by the Youth Justice and Criminal
Evidence Act 1999. However, the challenges involved in delivering a
form of restorative youth justice that is sensitive to the needs of
victims are considerable. This report provides an illuminating
evaluation of the manner in which one Youth Offending Service
sought to integrate victims into the referral order process. The
study affords in-depth insights into the experiences and views of
victims and young people who attended youth offender panel
meetings. It places these in the context of recent policy debates
and principles of restorative justice. The report tracks a 6 month
cohort of cases in 2004; provides an analysis of in-depth
interviews with victims, young offenders and their parents;
highlights the challenges associated with integrating victims into
restorative youth justice; offers recommendations with regard to
the involvement of victims in referral orders. This timely report
will be of great value to youth justice policy-makers and
practitioners, researchers and students of criminology and criminal
justice, as well as all those interested in restorative
interventions and the role of victims in the justice process.
This book brings together a collection of leading international
experts to explore the lessons learnt through implementation and
the future directions of crime prevention policies. Through a
comparative analysis of developments in crime prevention policies
across a number of European countries, contributors address
questions such as: How has 'the preventive turn' in crime control
policies been implemented in various different countries and what
have its implications been? What lessons have been learnt over the
ensuing years and what are the major trends influencing the
direction of development? What does the future hold for crime
prevention and community safety?
Contributors explore and assess the different models adopted and
the shifting emphasis accorded to differing strategies over time.
The book also seeks to compare and contrast different approaches as
well as the nature and extent of policy transfer between
jurisdictions and the internationalisation of key ideas, strategies
and theories of crime prevention and community safety.
This book provides an empirically grounded, theoretically informed
account of recent changes to the youth justice system in England
and Wales, focusing on the introduction of elements of restorative
justice into the heart of the criminal justice system, and the
implementation of referral orders and youth offender panels. Taken
together, this amounts to the most radical overhaul of the youth
justice system in the last half century, fundamentally changing the
underlying values of the system away from an 'exclusionary punitive
justice' and towards an 'inclusionary restorative justice'. The
book explores the implications of these changes by using the lens
of a detailed study of the implementation of referral orders and
youth offender panels to explore wider issues about youth justice
policy and the integration of restorative justice principles. It
draws upon the findings of an in-depth study of the pilots
established prior to the national rollout of referral orders in
April 2002. The book will be essential reading not only for those
involved in the task of implementing the new youth justice, but
others with an interest in the criminal justice system and in
restorative justice who need to know about the far reaching reforms
to the youth justice system and their impact.
This timely and important report draws together the findings of an
extensive two-year study of developments in the provision of
visible policing in England and Wales. Exploring the dynamic
relations between different public and private providers, it
combines an overview of national developments with a detailed
analysis of six focused case studies, including two city centres,
one out-of-town shopping centre, an industrial park and two
residential areas. The report considers the role of community
support officers, neighbourhood wardens and private security
guards, amongst other plural policing personnel and outlines the
policy implications of the research findings, particularly with
regard to the Government's current police reform agenda. It also
provides important insights and recommendations regarding the
organisation, co-ordination and regulation of the future mixed
economy of visible security patrols. Plural policing will be of
special interest to academics, researchers, policy makers, police
and security managers and students of criminology and policing, as
well as all those interested in community safety and the changing
face of modern policing.
This book examines the increasing appeals to, and actual involvement of, communities in the area of crime control. It charts and analyses the growing `partnership' approach to crime prevention. In doing so, it draws upon two research projects recently conducted in England. The research findings are used to consider the conflicts and tensions around `partnerships' between state agencies and community groups, the nature of `community' to which appeals are made in criminal justice policy and practice, and their implications for the future of crime control.
Criminal justice has traditionally been associated with the nation
state, its legitimacy and its authority. The growing
internationalisation of crime control raises crucial and complex
questions about the future shape of justice and urban governance as
these are experienced at local, national and international realms.
The emergence of new international justice institutions such as the
International Criminal Court, the greater movement of people and
goods across national borders and the transfer of criminal justice
policies between different jurisdictions all present novel
challenges to criminal justice systems as well as our
understandings of criminal justice. This volume of essays explores
the implications and impact of criminal justice developments in an
increasingly globalised world. It offers cutting-edge conceptual
contributions from leading international commentators organised
around the themes of international criminal justice institutions
and practices; comparative penal policies; and international and
comparative urban governance and crime control.
This book brings together a collection of leading international
experts to explore the lessons learnt through implementation and
the future directions of crime prevention policies. Through a
comparative analysis of developments in crime prevention policies
across a number of European countries, contributors address
questions such as: How has 'the preventive turn' in crime control
policies been implemented in various different countries and what
have its implications been? What lessons have been learnt over the
ensuing years and what are the major trends influencing the
direction of development? What does the future hold for crime
prevention and community safety? Contributors explore and assess
the different models adopted and the shifting emphasis accorded to
differing strategies over time. The book also seeks to compare and
contrast different approaches as well as the nature and extent of
policy transfer between jurisdictions and the internationalisation
of key ideas, strategies and theories of crime prevention and
community safety.
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