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In recent decades, scientific insight into the chemistry of water
has increased enormously, leading to the development of advanced
wastewater and water purification technologies. However, the
quality of freshwater resources has continually deteriorated
worldwide, both in industrialized and developing countries.
Although traditional wastewater technologies focus on the removal
of suspended solids, nutrients and bacteria, hundreds of organic
pollutants occur in wastewater and urban surface waters. These new
pollutants are synthetic or naturally occurring chemicals that are
not often monitored in the environment but have the potential to
enter the environment and cause known or suspected adverse
ecological and / or human health effects. Collectively referred to
as the "emerging contaminants," they are mostly derived from
domestic use and occur in trace concentrations ranging from pico to
micrograms per liter. Environmental contaminants are resistant to
conventional wastewater treatment processes and most of them remain
unaffected, leading to the contamination of the receiving water. As
such, there is a need for advanced wastewater treatment process
that is capable of removing environmental contaminants to ensure
safe fresh water supplies. This book explains the biological and
chemical wastewater treatment technologies. The biological
wastewater treatment processes presented include: (1)
bioremediation of wastewater such as aerobic and anaerobic
treatment; (2) phytoremediation of wastewater using engineered
wetlands, rhizofiltration, rhizodegradation, phytodegradation,
phytoaccumulation, phytotransformation and hyperaccumulators; and
(3) mycoremediation of wastewater. The chemical wastewater
treatment processes discussed include chemical precipitation, ion
exchange, neutralization, adsorption and disinfection. In addition,
the book describes wastewater treatment plants in terms of plant
size, layout and design as well as installation location. Also
presenting the latest, innovative effluent water treatment
processes, it is a valuable resource for biochemical and wastewater
treatment engineers, environmental scientists and environmental
microbiologists.
In recent decades, scientific insight into the chemistry of water
has increased enormously, leading to the development of advanced
wastewater and water purification technologies. However, the
quality of freshwater resources has continually deteriorated
worldwide, both in industrialized and developing countries.
Although traditional wastewater technologies focus on the removal
of suspended solids, nutrients and bacteria, hundreds of organic
pollutants occur in wastewater and urban surface waters. These new
pollutants are synthetic or naturally occurring chemicals that are
not often monitored in the environment but have the potential to
enter the environment and cause known or suspected adverse
ecological and / or human health effects. Collectively referred to
as the "emerging contaminants," they are mostly derived from
domestic use and occur in trace concentrations ranging from pico to
micrograms per liter. Environmental contaminants are resistant to
conventional wastewater treatment processes and most of them remain
unaffected, leading to the contamination of the receiving water. As
such, there is a need for advanced wastewater treatment process
that is capable of removing environmental contaminants to ensure
safe fresh water supplies. This book explains the biological and
chemical wastewater treatment technologies. The biological
wastewater treatment processes presented include: (1)
bioremediation of wastewater such as aerobic and anaerobic
treatment; (2) phytoremediation of wastewater using engineered
wetlands, rhizofiltration, rhizodegradation, phytodegradation,
phytoaccumulation, phytotransformation and hyperaccumulators; and
(3) mycoremediation of wastewater. The chemical wastewater
treatment processes discussed include chemical precipitation, ion
exchange, neutralization, adsorption and disinfection. In addition,
the book describes wastewater treatment plants in terms of plant
size, layout and design as well as installation location. Also
presenting the latest, innovative effluent water treatment
processes, it is a valuable resource for biochemical and wastewater
treatment engineers, environmental scientists and environmental
microbiologists.
Petroleum Industry Wastewater: Advanced and Sustainable Treatment
Methods discusses the status of different approaches and advanced
processes involved in the treatment of petrochemical and petroleum
industry wastewater. The book focuses on advanced, sustainable, and
environmentally friendly technologies for removing toxic pollutants
from contaminated waters. The book also explores the environmental
aspects and impacts of the petroleum industry discharge wastewater,
their effect on aquatic life, and possible ways to deal with these
effects. Keeping the global water crisis and fast depletion of
natural fresh water in mind, more immediate knowledge, information,
implication, and effective utilization of available resources are
required than we anticipated. The book brings a wide range of
methodologies and perspectives under one roof in a comprehensive
manner.
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