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Conwy has been involved in military conflict for over two thousand
years. The Iron Age hillfort of Caer Seion defended the area from
the sixth century BC. Many slingshot stones have been discovered
here, attesting to troubled times. In 881 the Welsh defeated an
Anglo-Saxon army led by Aethelred of Mercia. The most spectacular
outcome of Conwy’s strategic military significance at the mouth
of the River Conwy was Edward I’s mighty castle, creating a
walled town. In 1399 Richard II sought refuge in Conwy Castle
against the future Henry IV’s forces and the castle was besieged
again during the English Civil War by Parliamentary forces. An army
camp was established at Morfa in the nineteenth century, becoming
home to the Salford Pals and the Royal Engineers in World War 1 and
a Polish resettlement camp after the First World War. During the
First World War, the sulphur mine at Caer Coch was the country’s
largest producer of sulphur, vital for munitions. Conwy also played
a vital role in World War 2 as Mulberry Harbours, crucial for the
Normandy landings were initially designed and then assembled here,
and Ratcliffe Engineering built parts for Beaufighter and Halifax
aircraft. The town was also a centre of prisoner of war camps in
the area and despite some accounts of conflict between townsfolk
and prisoners, relations were generally harmonious and some
ex-prisoners married and settled in the area after the war. This
book will be of interest to all those who would like to know more
about Conwy’s remarkable military history.
This is a practical and trans-disciplinary guide for professionals
working with vulnerable adults, who include the frail elderly,
those with mental-health problems or physical disabilities,
learning disabilites or serious physical illness.;The contributors
address key problems and dilemmas in working to protect these
groups from abuse, and to support those who have already
experienced abuse or neglect. They consider the procedural
implications of the latest Department of Health guidance on working
with vulnerable adults, and make practical suggestions for working
with both victims and abusers.;Highlighting the importance of
inter-agency working, the contributors show how the related fields
of child abuse, domestic violence and adult abuse can come together
to promote increased understanding and good practice. With its
emphasis on effective practice and contributions from social work,
general-medical practice, criminal justice and adult protection,
this collection should provide a useful resource for students,
practitioners, service managers and policy makers in all sectors.
The north Wales seaside resort of Llandudno developed in the 1850s
from a scatter of small settlements on the slopes of the Great
Orme. The Iron Age defences of Pen Dinas hill fort and the presence
of Roman coin hoards suggest local military conflict, and
skirmishes are recorded from the time of the Vikings. In later
centuries the focus for military activity stretches a mile or so
down the Conwy Valley to the castles of Deganwy and battles between
Welsh and English. Llandudno became embroiled in the invasion of
Edward I when he gave the Bishop of Bangor land on the Great Orme
to build a 'palace'. This was sacked in Owain Glyndwr's revolt of
the early 1400s. With the rise of Britain's empire copper was
mined, partly to provide cladding for the wooden-hulled ships of
her navy. By the twentieth century significant military training
establishments were based in the area, as were prisoner-of-war
camps and convalescent homes for military personnel. In 1915 a
German U-boat attempted to pick up escaped POWs in Llandudno Bay,
and the town was chosen as the new location for the Royal
Artillery's Coast Artillery School and the Inland Revenue. In
Llandudno's Military Heritage authors Peter Johnson and Adrian
Hughes cover all this and more, showing the impact that the
military has had on this north Wales town, its combatants and its
citizens over the centuries.
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