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A concise overview of the neuropsychology of psychopathy, written
in layman's terms The last two decades have seen tremendous growth
in biological research on psychopathy, a mental disorder
distinguished by traits including a lack of empathy or emotional
response, egocentricity, impulsivity, and stimulation seeking. But
how does a psychopath's brain work? What makes a psychopath?
Psychopathy provides a concise, non-technical overview of the
research in the areas of genetics, hormones, brain imaging,
neuropsychology, environmental influences, and more, focusing on
explaining what we currently know about the biological foundations
for this disorder and offering insights into prediction,
intervention, and prevention. It also offers a nuanced discussion
of the ethical and legal implications associated with biological
research on psychopathy. How much of this disorder is biologically
based? Should offenders with psychopathic traits be punished for
their crimes if we can show that biological factors contribute? The
text clearly assesses the conclusions that can and cannot be drawn
from existing biological research, and highlights the pressing
considerations this research demands.
Proceedings of a NATO ASI held in Rhodes, Greece, May 12-21, 1996
Adrian Raine Department of Psychology. University of Southern
California. USA Jose Sanmartin Queen Sojia Center for the Study of
Violence. Valencia. Spain The problems that psychopathic and
violent offenders create for society are not restricted to North
America. Instead, these offenders create havoc throughout the
world, including Europe. In recognition of this fact, Queen Sophia
of Spain has promoted a Center for the Study of Violence which
recognizes both biological and social contributions to the cause of
violence. In November 1999, the Queen Sofia Center for the Study of
Violence held its IV International Meeting on the Biology and
Sociology of Violence. This fourth Meeting, which was under the
Honorary Presidency of H. M. The Queen of Spain, examined the
biological, psychological and social aspects of the psychopath, the
violent offender, and the serial killer. This book presents some of
the key contributions made at that conference and which were first
published in Spanish in 2000 by Ariel Press. A key thrust of this
book, and a stance shared by all of its contributors, is the notion
that violence and psychopathy simply cannot be understood solely,
or even fundamentally, in terms of social and environmental forces
and influences. Nor do biological factors offer an exclusive
explanation.
Adrian Raine Department of Psychology. University of Southern
California. USA Jose Sanmartin Queen Sojia Center for the Study of
Violence. Valencia. Spain The problems that psychopathic and
violent offenders create for society are not restricted to North
America. Instead, these offenders create havoc throughout the
world, including Europe. In recognition of this fact, Queen Sophia
of Spain has promoted a Center for the Study of Violence which
recognizes both biological and social contributions to the cause of
violence. In November 1999, the Queen Sofia Center for the Study of
Violence held its IV International Meeting on the Biology and
Sociology of Violence. This fourth Meeting, which was under the
Honorary Presidency of H. M. The Queen of Spain, examined the
biological, psychological and social aspects of the psychopath, the
violent offender, and the serial killer. This book presents some of
the key contributions made at that conference and which were first
published in Spanish in 2000 by Ariel Press. A key thrust of this
book, and a stance shared by all of its contributors, is the notion
that violence and psychopathy simply cannot be understood solely,
or even fundamentally, in terms of social and environmental forces
and influences. Nor do biological factors offer an exclusive
explanation.
Are some criminals born, not made? What causes violence and how can
we treat it? An Anatomy of Violence introduces readers to new ways
of looking at these age-old questions. Drawing on the latest
scientific research, Adrian Raine explains what it reveals about
the brains of murderers, psychopaths and serial killers.
Anti-social behaviour is complex, he argues, and based on the
interaction between genetics and the biological and social
environment in which a person is raised. But the latest statistical
evidence between certain types of biological and early behavioural
warning signs is also very strong. These are among the thorny
issues we can no longer ignore and this book is an important
milestone in our growing understanding of criminal behaviour.
This lauded bestseller, now available in paperback, takes an
uncompromising look at how we define psychopathology and makes the
argument that criminal behavior can and perhaps should be
considered a disorder. Presenting sociological, genetic,
neurochemical, brain-imaging, and psychophysiological evidence, it
discusses the basis for criminal behavior and suggests, contrary to
popular belief, that such behavior may be more biologically
determined than previously thought.
Key Features
* Presents a new conceptual approach to understanding crime as a
disorder
* Provides the most extensive review of biological predispositions
to criminal behavior to date
* Presents the practical implications of viewing crime as a
psychopathology in the contexts of free will, punishment,
treatment, and future biosocial research
* Includes numerous tables and figures throughout
* Contains an extensive reference list
* Analyzes the familial and extra-familial causes of crime
* Reviews the predispositions to crime including evolution and
genetics, and the neuropsychological, psychophysiological,
brain-imaging, neurochemical, and cognitive factors
A "New Scientist" Best Book of 2013
Winner of The Athenaeum of Philadelphia's Annual Literary
Award
Why do some kids from good environments become mass murderers? Is
there actually such a thing as a natural born killer? And, if so,
what can we do to identify and treat those born with a
predisposition to criminal behavior?
For more than three decades Adrian Raine has sought answers to
these questions through his pioneering research on the biological
basis for violence. In this book, he presents the growing body of
evidence that shows how genetics and environmental influences can
conspire to create a criminal brain, and how something as seemingly
innocent as a low resting heart rate can give rise to a violent
personality. Bristling with ingenious experiments, surprising data,
and shocking case studies, this is also a clear-eyed inquiry into
the thorny ethical issues this science raises about prevention and
punishment. Passionate, courageous, and at times controversial,
"The Anatomy of Violence" is a ground-breaking work that will
challenge your core human values and perspectives on violence.
The last two decades have seen tremendous growth in biological
research on psychopathy, a mental disorder distinguished by traits
including a lack of empathy or emotional response, egocentricity,
impulsivity, and stimulation seeking. But how does a psychopath's
brain work? What makes a psychopath? Psychopathy provides a
concise, non-technical overview of the research in the areas of
genetics, hormones, brain imaging, neuropsychology, environmental
influences, and more, focusing on explaining what we currently know
about the biological foundations for this disorder and offering
insights into prediction, intervention, and prevention. It also
offers a nuanced discussion of the ethical and legal implications
associated with biological research on psychopathy. How much of
this disorder is biologically based? Should offenders with
psychopathic traits be punished for their crimes if we can show
that biological factors contribute? The text clearly assesses the
conclusions that can and cannot be drawn from existing biological
research, and highlights the pressing considerations this research
demands.Andrea L. Glenn is Assistant Professor in the Center for
the Prevention of Youth Behavior Problems and the Department of
Psychology at the University of Alabama. Adrian Raine is University
Professor and the Richard Perry Professor of Criminology,
Psychiatry, and Psychology, as well Chair of the Department of
Criminology at the University of Pennsylvania.
This book is devoted to examining schizotypal personality and
provides a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge. It
includes reviews of genetics, neurodevelopment, assessment,
psychophysiology, neuropsychology, and brain imaging. Central
themes are the exploration of categorical and dimensional
approaches to the understanding of schizotypal disorder and its
relationship to schizophrenia, by some of the world's leading
researchers. Valuable introductory and concluding chapters set in
context the sometimes divergent opinions and findings presented by
the book's contributors, and there are reviews of methodological
issues and assessment schedules for the benefit of researchers in
the field. In setting out to answer, from phenomenological,
psychological and neurobiological perspectives, the fundamental
question of what schizotypal disorder is and to develop coherent
etiological models, this book will serve as an authoritative
resource for clinicians and researchers interested in this major
personality disorder.
While the link between crime and schizophrenia has been noted for
almost a century, it is only recently that research has provided
convincing, broad-based evidence for this association. This advance
in knowledge also brings with it the troublesome danger that
schizophrenia patients could be doubly-stigmatised in society: they
suffer from a serious mental illness and furthermore they are
potentially dangerous. This understandable fear has both lead to
significant resistance in accepting that the crime -- schizophrenia
relationship truly exists. While well-meaning, this resistance has
resulted in three unfortunate consequences. First, by not
recognising that the relationship exists, the comorbid antisocial
and violent behaviour of schizophrenia patients has gone unchecked,
and consequently the stigma associated with this comorbidity goes
on unabated. Second, research in this area has become almost
fixated on the simple establishment of a link between the two
conditions, and has not moved on to more important research that
could help develop new perspectives on the nature of the crime --
schizophrenia relationship in a way which will significantly
benefit our understanding and treatment of both conditions.
Frustratingly, we actually know surprisingly little about the crime
-- schizophrenia relationship. The third and more indirect
consequence is that the issue of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder in
antisocial criminal populations is almost entirely ignored. Such
individuals literally fall between the cracks in both the mental
health system and the criminal justice system. For these reasons,
it is argued that ignoring or denying the crime -- schizophrenia
relationship ultimately does more harm than good. The main goal of
this book is to stimulate a new generation of research on the crime
-- schizophrenia relationship which could benefit not just
individuals with these two conditions, but also society in general.
Going beyond the fundamental issue of whether there is a
relationship between crime and schizophrenia, contributors to this
book both outline risk factors for crime and schizophrenia and also
develop hypotheses on which factors may give rise to both
conditions, and hence in part explain the comorbidity issue.
Furthermore, contributors go on to outlining intervention and
prevention programs for not just crime and schizophrenia, but also
for both conditions simultaneously. -- From the Preface
This book is devoted to examining schizotypal personality and provides a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge. It includes reviews of genetics, neurodevelopment, assessment, psychophysiology, neuropsychology, and brain imaging. Central themes are the exploration of categorical and dimensional approaches to the understanding of schizotypal disorder and its relationship to schizophrenia, by some of the world's leading researchers. Valuable introductory and concluding chapters set in context the sometimes divergent opinions and findings presented by the book's contributors, and there are reviews of methodological issues and assessment schedules for the benefit of researchers in the field. In setting out to answer, from phenomenological, psychological and neurobiological perspectives, the fundamental question of what schizotypal disorder is and to develop coherent etiological models, this book will serve as an authoritative resource for clinicians and researchers interested in this major personality disorder.
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