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Modeling of individual beliefs is essential to the computer
understanding of natural languages. Phenomena at all levels --
syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic -- cannot be fully analyzed in
the absence of models of a hearer and of the hearer's model of
other believers. The heart of this text is the presentation of an
artificial intelligence (AI) program intended to simulate certain
aspects of a human believer. This book provides a prolog program,
Viewgen, that maintains belief structures about the world and other
believers, and is able to ascribe beliefs to others without direct
evidence by using a form of default reasoning. The authors contend
that a plausible model such as this can -- in the best cognitive
science tradition -- shed light on the long-standing philosophical
problem of what belief is. The issues presented here will be of
considerable interest to an informed general reader as well as
those with a background in any of the disciplines that make up what
is now called cognitive science: philosophy, linguistics,
psychology, neuropsychology, and also AI itself.
Modeling of individual beliefs is essential to the computer
understanding of natural languages. Phenomena at all levels --
syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic -- cannot be fully analyzed in
the absence of models of a hearer and of the hearer's model of
other believers. The heart of this text is the presentation of an
artificial intelligence (AI) program intended to simulate certain
aspects of a human believer. This book provides a prolog program,
Viewgen, that maintains belief structures about the world and other
believers, and is able to ascribe beliefs to others without direct
evidence by using a form of default reasoning. The authors contend
that a plausible model such as this can -- in the best cognitive
science tradition -- shed light on the long-standing philosophical
problem of what belief is. The issues presented here will be of
considerable interest to an informed general reader as well as
those with a background in any of the disciplines that make up what
is now called cognitive science: philosophy, linguistics,
psychology, neuropsychology, and also AI itself.
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