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Regionalization and Harmonization in TVET contains the papers
presented at the 4th UPI International Conference on Technical and
Vocational Education and Training (TVET 2016, Bandung, Indonesia,
15-16 November 2016). 1. Standardization in Regionalization and
Harmonization 2. Skill and Personal Development 3. Social and
Cultural Issues 4. Teaching Innovations in TVET 5. Innovations in
Engineering and Education.
Regionalization and Harmonization in TVET contains the papers
presented at the 4th UPI International Conference on Technical and
Vocational Education and Training (TVET 2016, Bandung, Indonesia,
15-16 November 2016). 1. Standardization in Regionalization and
Harmonization 2. Skill and Personal Development 3. Social and
Cultural Issues 4. Teaching Innovations in TVET 5. Innovations in
Engineering and Education.
Zinc oxide, ZnO, has been attracting much attention because of its
potential applications in photonic and optoelectronic devices. The
notable properties of ZnO include direct band energy gap (Eg=3.37
eV at RT), large exciton binding energy of 60 meV, and strong
cohesive energy of 1.89 eV. Recent reports on the lasing mechanism
of ZnO have shown that ZnO is a promising photonic material for
exciton devices in the wavelength ranging from blue to ultraviolet.
It is well known that high quality materials are required for
optoelectronic devices. At the current stage the problems in
extending toward ZnO-based device applications are the difficulty
in achieving high crystal quality in either bulk or thin film
dimensions of ZnO, as well as the difficulty in controlling p-type
conductivity. On the other hand, control of the crystalline defects
in naturally n-type ZnO is the critical issue to obtain p-type ZnO.
This book is focused on improving the quality of ZnO films grown by
plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (P-MBE) on c-sapphire with a
MgO buffer layer through optimization of buffer layers and detailed
structural characterization.
Providing a reliable and sustainable power supply with appropriate
environmental considerations to remote areas, especially in
developing countries, is the main aim of this research. There have
been many natural disasters in Indonesia, primarily the Aceh
Tsunami on Boxing Day 2004, and followed by many others, such as
the earthquake in Yogyakarta in 2006, the Padang earthquake in
2007, and earthquake in Manokwari, Papua, in early 2009. Some other
disasters in other regions include: the Maldives, a country formed
by a group of natural atolls located to the southwest of India,
which was affected by the Asia Tsunami 2004, the China earthquake
in 2008 and the cyclone in Burma in the same year. Such
catastrophes usually result in the affected areas being isolated,
particularly if the events happen in remote locations. Most of
these areas usually suffer from destruction of their vital
infrastructure, such as power and water supplies. These occurrences
demonstrate the need for an appropriate and
environmentally-friendly solution to the lack of power and water
supplies in remote areas as part of disaster response and
reconstruction.
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