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Hypertension is one of the most common worldwide diseases
afflicting humans. Over the past several decades, extensive
research, widespread patient education, and a concerted effort on
the part of health care professionals have led to decreased
mortality and morbidity rates from the multiple organ damage
arising from years of untreated hypertension. Approximately 50
million people in the United States are affected by hypertension.
Substantial improvements have been made with regard to improving
awareness and treatment of hypertension. However, approximately 30%
of adults are still unaware of their hypertension; up to 40% of
people with hypertension are not receiving treatment; and, of those
treated, up to 67% do not have their blood pressure (BP) controlled
to less than 140/90 mm Hg. The classification of BP (expressed in
mm Hg) for adults aged 18 years or older is as follows: Normal -
Systolic lower than 120, diastolic lower than 80 Prehypertension -
Systolic 120-139, diastolic 80-90 Stage 1 - Systolic 140-159,
diastolic 90-99 Stage 2 - Systolic equal to or more than 160,
diastolic equal to or more than 100.
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