The first genuinely interdisciplinary study of creativity in early modern England In the seventeenth century, the concept of creativity was far removed from most of the fundamental ideas about the creative act - notions of human imagination, inspiration, originality and genius - that developed in the eighteenthand nineteenth centuries. Instead, in this period, students learned their crafts by copying and imitating past masters and did not consciously seek to break away from tradition. Most new material was made on the instructions of apatron and had to conform to external expectations; and basic tenets that we tend to take for granted-such as the primacy and individuality of the author-were apparently considered irrelevant in some contexts. The aim of this interdisciplinary collection of essays is to explore what it meant to create buildings and works of art, music and literature in seventeenth-century England and to investigate the processes by which such creations came into existence. Through a series of specific case studies, the book highlights a wide range of ideas, beliefs and approaches to creativity that existed in seventeenth-century England and places them in the context of the prevailing intellectual, social and cultural trends of the period. In so doing, it draws into focus the profound changes that were emerging in the understanding of human creativity in early modern society - transformations that would eventually lead to the development of a more recognisably modern conception of the notion of creativity. The contributors work in and across the fields of literary studies, history, musicology, history of art and history of architecture, and their work collectively explores many of the most fundamental questions about creativity posed by the early modern English 'creative arts'. REBECCA HERISSONE is Head of Music and Senior Lecturer in Musicology at the University of Manchester. ALAN HOWARD is Lecturer in Music at the University of East Anglia and Reviews Editor for Eighteenth-Century Music. Contributors: Linda Phyllis Austern, Stephanie Carter, John Cunningham, Marina Daiman, Kirsten Gibson, Raphael Hallett, Rebecca Herissone, Anne Hultzsch, Freyja Cox Jensen, Stephen Rose, Andrew R. Walkling, Amanda Eubanks Winkler, James A. Winn.

A history of the people from Rotuma Island (Fiji) from legendary times (based on oral history, archaeological, and linguistic evidence), through the era of British colonial domination, until the end of the twentieth century.
The book is divided into four sections. The first section presents information about Rotuma's geography; its early history as derived from myths, legends, language affinities, and the limited archaeological work done on the island; the nature of Rotuma's culture and society at the time of European intrusion in the early nineteenth century; and the forms of creative and artistic expression.
The second section deals with the impact of explorers, whalers, beachcombers, and returning Rotuman sailors, as well as missionaries who visited or stayed on Rotuma for varying lengths of time. The time period covered by this section is from 1791, when the Pandora, captained by Edward Edwards, made a brief visit, to 1879, when a war between Methodist and Catholic factions culminated in an offer of cession to Great Britain.
Section three provides an account of Rotuma's colonial experience, beginning with the events leading to cession; the shape of political and economic experience under colonial rule; and the health and welfare implications of colonial policies.
The final section covers the Rotuman experience from the time Fiji gained independence from Great Britain in 1970 until the end of the twentieth century. This section begins with an account of changes on the island of Rotuma, followed by a consideration of the somewhat problematic relationship between Rotuma and Fiji, concluding with a look at the global Rotuman community - a community in the process offormation.

This book explores the exchange of music, musicians and musical practice between Britain and the Continent in the period c.1500-1800. This book explores the exchange of music, musicians and musical practice between Britain and the Continent in the period c.1500-1800. Inspired by Peter Holman's research and performing activities, the essays in the volume developthe theme of exchange and dialogue through the lenses of people, practices and repertory and consider the myriad ways in which musical culture participated in the dynamic relationship between Europe and Britain. Key areas addressed are music and travel; music publishing; emigre musicians; performing practice; dissemination of music and musical practice; and instruments. Holman's work has revealed the mechanisms by which continental practices were adapted to local circumstances and has helped to show that Britain enjoyed a vigorous musical culture in the long eighteenth century, in which native proponents produced original works of quality and interest and did not simply copy continental models. Following avenues opened up by Holman' scholarship, contributors to this volume explore a variety of ways in which the cross-fertilization of music and musicians has enriched European, and especially British, cultureof the early modern period.

"Spirits in Culture, History and Mind" reintegrates spirits into comparative theories of religion, which have tended to focus on institutionalized forms of belief associated with gods. It brings an historical perspective to culturally patterned experiences with spirits, and examines spirits as a locus of tension between traditional and foreign values. Taking as a point of departure shifting local views of self, nine case studies drawn from Pacific societies analyze religious phenomena at the intersection of social, psychological and historical processes. The varied approaches taken in these case studies provide a richness of perspective, with each lens illuminating different aspects of spirit-related experience. All, however, bring a sense of historical process to bear on psychological and symbolic approaches to religion, shedding new light on the ways spirits relate to other cultural phenomena.
Included is a provocative theoretical chapter, co-authored by Robert Levy and the editors. Unabashedly comparative at a time when most anthropologists confine themselves to interpreting local meanings, this chapter argues for a distinction between god-like and spirit-like beings, with gods representing the moral order while spirits are countered at its periphery. Issues associated with morality, power, control, conformity, possession, selfhood, the uncanny, and the impingement of high religions on folk beliefs, among others, are addressed in this chapter.
The conclusion, by Michael Lambek, also excites controversy. Reflecting on the ethnographic material included in the volume, Lambek draws attention to the importance of understanding spirit-related experiences, in their historicalcontexts, for coming to grips with the very nature of religion.

"Spirits in Culture, History and Mind" reintegrates spirits into comparative theories of religion, which have tended to focus on institutionalized forms of belief associated with gods. It brings an historical perspective to culturally patterned experiences with spirits, and examines spirits as a locus of tension between traditional and foreign values. Taking as a point of departure shifting local views of self, nine case studies drawn from Pacific societies analyze religious phenomena at the intersection of social, psychological and historical processes. The varied approaches taken in these case studies provide a richness of perspective, with each lens illuminating different aspects of spirit-related experience. All, however, bring a sense of historical process to bear on psychological and symbolic approaches to religion, shedding new light on the ways spirits relate to other cultural phenomena.
Included is a provocative theoretical chapter, co-authored by Robert Levy and the editors. Unabashedly comparative at a time when most anthropologists confine themselves to interpreting local meanings, this chapter argues for a distinction between god-like and spirit-like beings, with gods representing the moral order while spirits are countered at its periphery. Issues associated with morality, power, control, conformity, possession, selfhood, the uncanny, and the impingement of high religions on folk beliefs, among others, are addressed in this chapter.
The conclusion, by Michael Lambek, also excites controversy. Reflecting on the ethnographic material included in the volume, Lambek draws attention to the importance of understanding spirit-related experiences, in their historicalcontexts, for coming to grips with the very nature of religion.

In 1960 Wilhelm Stoll joined the University of Notre Dame faculty as Professor of Mathematics, and in October, 1984 the university acknowledged his many years of distinguished service by holding a conference in complex analysis in his honour. This volume is the proceedings of that conference. It was our priviledge to serve, along with Nancy K. Stanton, as conference organizers. We are grateful to the College of Science of the University of Notre Dame and to the National Science Foundation for their support. In the course of a career that has included the publication of over sixty research articles and the supervision of eighteen doctoral students, Wilhelm Stoll has won the affection and respect of his colleagues for his diligence, integrity and humaneness. The influence of his ideas and insights and the subsequent investigations they have inspired is attested to by several of the articles in the volume. On behalf of the conference partipants and contributors to this volume, we wish Wilhelm Stoll many more years of happy and devoted service to mathematics. Alan Howard Pit-Mann Wong VII III c: ... c: o U CI> .r. .... o e:: J o a:: a.:: J o ... (. : J VIII '" Q) g> a. '" Q) E z '" ..... o Q) E Q) ..c eX IX Participants on the Group Picture Qi-keng LU, Professor, Chinese Academy of Science, Peking, China.

The Operational Energy textbook provides military officers the knowledge and skills to effectively plan for the operational energy needs of their forces and missions. After completion, students should be able to carry out relevant analysis, planning and strategy across the Services and organizations of the US national security enterprise. The Pentagon defines Operational Energy (OE) as "energy required for training, moving, and sustaining military forces and weapons platforms for military operations." Planning and strategizing for these energy needs is an integral part of all combat and regular operations. Energy is one of the biggest constraints and at the same time most important enablers of ability to fulfill military missions. Moreover, proper operational energy strategies and tactics can reduce casualties and save lives. The most recent example is that fuel and water delivery missions accounted for more than one-tenth of the US military casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan. The book also examines issues that have not been discussed in previously published academic or policy literature, such as the impact of civilian demands for the military to use increased amounts of renewable energy as well as threats from the use of civilian supply chains for energy supplies. The US military is the largest consumer of energy in the US federal government. In light of this, many US public officials as part of their drive to promote greater use of renewable energy and reduction of climate altering emissions, may require that the military fuel mix include significant amounts of renewable energy and that the military reduce its carbon emissions. Accordingly, the book will examine how the US armed forces can adjust to these rising public demands, while still fulfilling its military mission. The book will also look at the security challenges of use of civilian supply chains. The US military procures most of its energy from civilian suppliers. In 2019, the US military purchased 49 percent of its fuel supplies from outside the United States, including in Asia and the Middle East. As the Covid-19 challenge revealed, critical US supply lines depend on production in China and other US adversaries. Washington recently initiated policies to reduce US vulnerability to supply disruptions of critical materials and products through reducing exposure to needs of products and materials produced in China and other countries. The implementation of these initiatives will require new strategies and policies for the US military to meet its energy needs securely.

Are you aware that the T-shirt or running shoes you're wearing may have been produced by a 13-year-old children working 14-hour days for 30 cents an hour? The clothing sweatshop, as a recent string of media exposes has revealed, is back in business. Don't be fooled by a label which says the item was made in the USA or Europe. It could have been sewed on in Haiti or Indonesia--or in a domestic workshop, where conditions rival those in the third world. The label might tell you how to treat the garment but it says nothing about how the worker who made it was treated. To find out about that you need to read this book. "No Sweat" will show you:
How Michael Jordan earned more for endorsing Nike running shoes than the company's 30,000 Indonesian workers get between them in a year.
How Disney CEO Michael Eisner's annual pay and stock options, worth $200 million, are paid for out of profits from the sale of Pocahontas and Hunchback of Notre Dame T-shirts made by Haitian teenagers working for less than $10 per week and force-fed contraceptive pills.
How companies like the Gap and Wal-Mart (producer of the Kathie Lee Gifford line) have been forced into embarrassing concessions after successful campaigning by the New York-based National Labor Committee, the American garment workers union UNITE and the European-based Clean Clothes Campaign.
How you can join the growing global campaign of consumer groups, human rights activists, and international labor organizations to close down sweatshops and guarantee basic rights for those who cut and sew our clothes.
In hard-hitting words and pictures, "No Sweat" surveys the chasm between the glamor of the catwalk and the squalor of the sweatshop.
Don't go shopping without it

These are perhaps Steiner's most exciting lectures on the fundamentals of social renewal. Among the themes he considers are spiritual science as a knowledge of action; the twelve senses of the human being in their relation to Imagination, Inspiration, and Intuition; the science of initiation and the impulse for freedom; and viewpoints on the forming of healthy social judgments. This volume provides a wealth of inspiration showing that healing will come to social life when the inner mobility of soul acquired through spiritual science is allowed to mold new social forms.

Martin Shaw stars as P.D. James's detective Adam Dalgliesh in these adaptations of her popular crime novels. In 'Death in Holy Orders', Dalgliesh returns to St Anselm's, the theological college he attended in his youth, where a rash of brutal murders forces him to confront old memories. In 'The Murder Room', Dalgliesh traces the clues in a murder all the way to the House of Lords.

The Operational Energy textbook provides military officers the knowledge and skills to effectively plan for the operational energy needs of their forces and missions. After completion, students should be able to carry out relevant analysis, planning and strategy across the Services and organizations of the US national security enterprise. The Pentagon defines Operational Energy (OE) as "energy required for training, moving, and sustaining military forces and weapons platforms for military operations." Planning and strategizing for these energy needs is an integral part of all combat and regular operations. Energy is one of the biggest constraints and at the same time most important enablers of ability to fulfill military missions. Moreover, proper operational energy strategies and tactics can reduce casualties and save lives. The most recent example is that fuel and water delivery missions accounted for more than one-tenth of the US military casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan. The book also examines issues that have not been discussed in previously published academic or policy literature, such as the impact of civilian demands for the military to use increased amounts of renewable energy as well as threats from the use of civilian supply chains for energy supplies. The US military is the largest consumer of energy in the US federal government. In light of this, many US public officials as part of their drive to promote greater use of renewable energy and reduction of climate altering emissions, may require that the military fuel mix include significant amounts of renewable energy and that the military reduce its carbon emissions. Accordingly, the book will examine how the US armed forces can adjust to these rising public demands, while still fulfilling its military mission. The book will also look at the security challenges of use of civilian supply chains. The US military procures most of its energy from civilian suppliers. In 2019, the US military purchased 49 percent of its fuel supplies from outside the United States, including in Asia and the Middle East. As the Covid-19 challenge revealed, critical US supply lines depend on production in China and other US adversaries. Washington recently initiated policies to reduce US vulnerability to supply disruptions of critical materials and products through reducing exposure to needs of products and materials produced in China and other countries. The implementation of these initiatives will require new strategies and policies for the US military to meet its energy needs securely.

A history of the people from Rotuma Island (Fiji) from legendary times (based on oral history, archaeological, and linguistic evidence), through the era of British colonial domination, until the end of the twentieth century.
The book is divided into four sections. The first section presents information about Rotuma's geography; its early history as derived from myths, legends, language affinities, and the limited archaeological work done on the island; the nature of Rotuma's culture and society at the time of European intrusion in the early nineteenth century; and the forms of creative and artistic expression.
The second section deals with the impact of explorers, whalers, beachcombers, and returning Rotuman sailors, as well as missionaries who visited or stayed on Rotuma for varying lengths of time. The time period covered by this section is from 1791, when the Pandora, captained by Edward Edwards, made a brief visit, to 1879, when a war between Methodist and Catholic factions culminated in an offer of cession to Great Britain.
Section three provides an account of Rotuma's colonial experience, beginning with the events leading to cession; the shape of political and economic experience under colonial rule; and the health and welfare implications of colonial policies.
The final section covers the Rotuman experience from the time Fiji gained independence from Great Britain in 1970 until the end of the twentieth century. This section begins with an account of changes on the island of Rotuma, followed by a consideration of the somewhat problematic relationship between Rotuma and Fiji, concluding with a look at the global Rotuman community - a community in the process offormation.

Don McLean is one of America's most enduring singer-songwriters and is forever associated with his classic hits 'American Pie' and 'Vincent (Starry Starry Night)'. Since first hitting the charts in 1971, Don has amassed over 40 gold and platinum records world-wide and, in 2004, was inducted into the Songwriters' Hall of Fame. His songs have been recorded by artists from every musical genre, most notably Madonna's No. 1 recording of 'American Pie' in 2000 and George Michael's version of 'The Grave' in 2003, sung in protest at the Iraq War. Don McLean is immortalized as the subject of the Roberta Flack/The Fugees No. 1 hit, ' Killing Me Softly With His Song'. The author has interviewed McLean at length about his childhood, the making of "American Pie" and his career as a singer, songwriter and performer. Says Jim Monaghan of WHDA radio, NJ: ..".Alan Howard did a terrific job in not just sharing Don's story, but revealing a personal side of Don rarely seen by the public."

Fugal invention has proved a successful line of analytical inquiry in recent studies of repertoires from Josquin to J. S. Bach. Alan Howard brings similar insights to the music of Henry Purcell, and proposes the first analytical approach to his music to examine compositional methods alongside historically contemporary theory, focusing particularly on Purcell's 'artificial' approach to imitative counterpoint. Through this methodology Howard challenges previous responses to Purcell's music that portrayed him as fundamentally conservative. This study offers fresh insights into the musical world in which Purcell lived and worked and situates Purcell's compositional concerns in the broader context of notions of artifice in Restoration culture. Howard thereby offers both a fresh analytical approach - to Purcell's early instrumental works and to his later concerted vocal music - and a critique of the reception history surrounding the fantazias and sonatas in particular.

"Betrayal, over and over, on and on..."
Part spy thriller, part mystery, part psychological suspense story, John le Carré's most intriguing and absorbing masterpiece is brought to the screen in this stunning BBC adaptation.

Magnus Pym has disappeared, setting off a massive man-hunt. One of Britain's top spies, Pym is also searching - for his true identity, hidden beneath a lifetime of deception. His quest takes him from his relationship with his con-man father to his betrayal of everything close to him: his wife, his country, even the high-ranking Eastern agent whom he befriended. Pursued by his agency and his enemies, Pym must find himself before his hunters find him.

Originally Transmitted: 04/11/87 to 16/12/87