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This volume of essays contains case studies of debt bondage
covering the impact of an expanding globalized economy, increased
commercialization, colonial and post-colonial societies, and
emerging economies.
This volume of essays contains case studies of debt bondage
covering the impact of an expanding globalized economy, increased
commercialisation, colonial and post-colonial societies, and
emerging economies.
Though, historically, the chief mechanism of slavery was seen as
violent abduction, this view is being adjusted to recognize the
importance of financial indebtedness in creating human bondage.
These essays show that debt slavery has played a crucial role in
the economic history of numerous societies which continues even
today.
After the abolition of slavery in the Indian Ocean and Africa, the
world of labor remained unequal, exploitative, and violent,
straddling a fine line between freedom and unfreedom. This book
explains why. Unseating the Atlantic paradigm of bondage and
drawing from a rich array of colonial, estate, plantation and
judicial archives, Alessandro Stanziani investigates the evolution
of labor relationships on the Indian subcontinent, the Indian Ocean
and Africa, with case studies on Assam, the Mascarene Islands and
the French Congo. He finds surprising relationships between African
and Indian abolition movements and European labor practices,
inviting readers to think in terms of trans-oceanic connections
rather than simple oppositions. Above all, he considers how the
meaning and practices of freedom in the colonial world differed
profoundly from those in the mainland. Arguing for a multi-centered
view of imperial dynamics, Labor on the Fringes of Empire is a
pioneering global history of nineteenth-century labor.
Global history locates national histories in the context of broader
processes, in which the West is not necessarily synonymous with
progress. And yet it often suffers from the same Eurocentrism that
plagues national history, accepting Western categories and values
uncritically and largely ignoring non-English historiographies.
Alessandro Stanziani examines these tensions and asks what global
history is and ought to be. Drawing upon a wide array of sources,
he historicizes global history writing from the sixteenth century
onward, tracing the forces of revolution, globalization,
totalitarianism, colonization, decolonization and the Cold War. By
considering global history in the context of a longue duree,
multipolar perspective, this book assesses the strengths and limits
of the field, and clarifies what is at stake.
After the abolition of slavery in the Indian Ocean and Africa, the
world of labor remained unequal, exploitative, and violent,
straddling a fine line between freedom and unfreedom. This book
explains why. Unseating the Atlantic paradigm of bondage and
drawing from a rich array of colonial, estate, plantation and
judicial archives, Alessandro Stanziani investigates the evolution
of labor relationships on the Indian subcontinent, the Indian Ocean
and Africa, with case studies on Assam, the Mascarene Islands and
the French Congo. He finds surprising relationships between African
and Indian abolition movements and European labor practices,
inviting readers to think in terms of trans-oceanic connections
rather than simple oppositions. Above all, he considers how the
meaning and practices of freedom in the colonial world differed
profoundly from those in the mainland. Arguing for a multi-centered
view of imperial dynamics, Labor on the Fringes of Empire is a
pioneering global history of nineteenth-century labor.
Filling a significant gap in the historiography, the essays in this
volume show that debt slavery has played a crucial role in the
economic history of numerous societies which continues even today.
In the West, human bondage remains synonymous with the Atlantic
slave trade. But large slave systems in Africa and Asia predated,
co-existed, and overlapped with the Atlantic system-and have
persisted in modified forms well into the twenty-first century,
posing major threats to political and economic stability within
those regions and worldwide. This handbook examines the deep
historical roots of unfree labour in Africa and Asia along with its
contemporary manifestations. It takes an innovative longue duree
perspective in order to link the local and global, the past and
present. Contributors trace shifting forms of forced labour in the
region since circa 1800, connecting punctual shocks such as
environmental crisis, conflict, market instability, and crop
failure to human security threats such as impoverishment, violence,
migration, kidnapping, and enslavement. Together, these chapters
illuminate the historical and contemporary dimensions of bondage in
Africa and Asia, with important implications for the fight against
modern-day bondage and human trafficking.
For the first time, this book provides the global history of labor
in Central Eurasia, Russia, Europe, and the Indian Ocean between
the sixteenth and the twentieth centuries. It contests common views
on free and unfree labor, and compares the latter to many Western
countries where wage conditions resembled those of domestic
servants. This gave rise to extreme forms of dependency in the
colonies, not only under slavery, but also afterwards in form of
indentured labor in the Indian Ocean and obligatory labor in
Africa. Stanziani shows that unfree labor and forms of economic
coercion were perfectly compatible with market development and
capitalism, proven by the consistent economic growth that took
place all over Eurasia between the seventeenth and the nineteenth
centuries. This growth was labor intensive: commercial expansion,
transformations in agriculture, and the first industrial revolution
required more labor, not less. Finally, Stanziani demonstrates that
this world did not collapse after the French Revolution or the
British industrial revolution, as is commonly assumed, but instead
between 1870 and 1914, with the second industrial revolution and
the rise of the welfare state.
For the first time, this book provides the global history of labor
in Central Eurasia, Russia, Europe, and the Indian Ocean between
the sixteenth and the twentieth centuries. It contests common views
on free and unfree labor, and compares the latter to many Western
countries where wage conditions resembled those of domestic
servants. This gave rise to extreme forms of dependency in the
colonies, not only under slavery, but also afterwards in form of
indentured labor in the Indian Ocean and obligatory labor in
Africa. Stanziani shows that unfree labor and forms of economic
coercion were perfectly compatible with market development and
capitalism, proven by the consistent economic growth that took
place all over Eurasia between the seventeenth and the nineteenth
centuries. This growth was labor intensive: commercial expansion,
transformations in agriculture, and the first industrial revolution
required more labor, not less. Finally, Stanziani demonstrates that
this world did not collapse after the French Revolution or the
British industrial revolution, as is commonly assumed, but instead
between 1870 and 1914, with the second industrial revolution and
the rise of the welfare state.
In the West, human bondage remains synonymous with the Atlantic
slave trade. But large slave systems in Africa and Asia predated,
co-existed, and overlapped with the Atlantic system-and have
persisted in modified forms well into the twenty-first century,
posing major threats to political and economic stability within
those regions and worldwide. This handbook examines the deep
historical roots of unfree labour in Africa and Asia along with its
contemporary manifestations. It takes an innovative longue duree
perspective in order to link the local and global, the past and
present. Contributors trace shifting forms of forced labour in the
region since circa 1800, connecting punctual shocks such as
environmental crisis, conflict, market instability, and crop
failure to human security threats such as impoverishment, violence,
migration, kidnapping, and enslavement. Together, these chapters
illuminate the historical and contemporary dimensions of bondage in
Africa and Asia, with important implications for the fight against
modern-day bondage and human trafficking.
The concepts of economic backwardness, Asiatic despotism and
orientalism have strongly influenced perceptions of modernization,
democracy and economic growth over the last three centuries. This
book provides an original view of Russian and Asian history that
views both in a global perspective. Via this analysis, Alessandro
Stanziani opens new dimensions in the study of state formation, the
global slave trade, warfare and European and Asian growth. After
Oriental Despotism questions conventional oppositions between
Europe and Asia. By revisiting the history of Eurasia in this
context, the book offers a serious challenge to existing ideas
about the aims and goals of economic growth.
The control of competition is designed, at best, to reconcile
socioeconomic stability with innovation, and at worst, to keep
competitors out of the market. In this respect, the nineteenth
century was no more liberal than the eighteenth century. Even
during the presumed liberal nineteenth century, legal regulation
played a major role in the economy, and the industrial revolution
was based on market institutions and organisations formed during
the second half of the seventeenth century. If indeed there is a
break in the history of capitalism, it should be situated at the
turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with the irruption
of mass production, consumption and the welfare state, which
introduced new forms of regulation. This book provides a new
intellectual, economic and legal history of capitalism from the
eighteenth century to the early twentieth century. It analyzes the
interaction between economic practices and legal constructions in
France and compares the French case with other Western countries
during this period, such as the United Kingdom, the United States,
Germany and Italy.
This book seeks to overcome the tension between 'western' and
'non-western' categories and tools in the study of global history,
showing how most western approaches to the social sciences and
history have developed through transnational and colonial
interactions. Offering a transnational and global history of the
main tools we have to understand the word and its transformations
over the last three centuries, Tensions of Social History explores
the construction of archives and historical memory, the making of
statistics and their use in politics, the identification of social
actors, and the emergence of key social theories. Providing key
insights into how to write history and develop social sciences in
the global era while avoiding eurocentrism and cultural
exceptionalism, this ambitious book shows how global history is
made of encounters rather than confrontations between
civilizations.
The concepts of economic backwardness, Asiatic despotism and
orientalism have strongly influenced perceptions of modernization,
democracy and economic growth over the last three centuries. This
book provides an original view of Russian and Asian history that
views both in a global perspective. Via this analysis, Alessandro
Stanziani opens new dimensions in the study of state formation, the
global slave trade, warfare and European and Asian growth. After
Oriental Despotism questions conventional oppositions between
Europe and Asia. By revisiting the history of Eurasia in this
context, the book offers a serious challenge to existing ideas
about the aims and goals of economic growth.
The control of competition is designed, at best, to reconcile
socioeconomic stability with innovation, and at worst, to keep
competitors out of the market. In this respect, the nineteenth
century was no more liberal than the eighteenth century. Even
during the presumed liberal nineteenth century, legal regulation
played a major role in the economy, and the industrial revolution
was based on market institutions and organisations formed during
the second half of the seventeenth century. If indeed there is a
break in the history of capitalism, it should be situated at the
turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with the irruption
of mass production, consumption and the welfare state, which
introduced new forms of regulation. This book provides a new
intellectual, economic and legal history of capitalism from the
eighteenth century to the early twentieth century. It analyzes the
interaction between economic practices and legal constructions in
France and compares the French case with other Western countries
during this period, such as the United Kingdom, the United States,
Germany and Italy.
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